Transition metals and nanoparticles

• What are transition metals?

  Found in the middle of the periodic table with properties similar to eachother but different from group 1 metals
• What is the melting point like in group 1?

  Relatively low e.g sodium (98°c)
• What melting point do transition metals have?

  Relatively high e.g iron melts at 1538°c
• What is density like in group one?

  Relatively low
• What is density like in transition metals?

  Realtovely high, iron almost 10x as dense as sodium
• What is the strength of group 1 like?

  Relatively low
• What is the strength of transition metals like?

  Relatively high
• What is the hardness of group one metals like?

  Relatively low, easy to scratch
• What is the hardness like in transition metals?

  Realatively high, hard to scratch
• Do group one metals react easily with oxygen, water and halogens?

  Yes
• Do transition metals react easy with oxygen, water and halogens?

  Very slowly
• Are transitions good catalysts?

  Yes
• What happens when transition metals form compounds?

  Often take on a colour e.g chromium (III) oxide is green and cobalt (II) sulfate is red
• What ions do group 1 form?

  1+
• What ions do group 2 form?

  2+
• What ions can transition metals produce?

  Many differently charged ions e.g copper- Cu+ or Cu²+ ions
• What does Pm stand for?

  Particulate matter, another way of measuring very small particles
• What unit would you sue to measure a grain of sand?

  Mm
• What unit would you use to measure coarse particles e.g dust?

  Micrometres
• What unit would i use to measure fine particle?

  Nm
• What unit would i use to measure nanoparticles?

  Nm
• Why do nanoparticles often have very different properties?

  To bulk materials of the same substance due to high surface area to volume ratio
• What are the 5 steps to worling out surface area to volume ratio?

  1.work out surface area of one face

  2.multiply by number of faces

  3.calculate the volume

  4.write as ratio

  5.divide total surface area by volume
• Do nanoparticles have high or low surface area to volume ratio?

  High, to bulk materials of the same substance
• What are nanoparticles used in?

  Healthcare, electronics, cosmetics, catalysts
• What are nanoparticles a threat to?

  Health and ecosystems, so it is important that they are researched further