AoS2

• melody

  • describe all melodies in terms of conjunct and disjunct
  • range (wide or narrow)
  • any melodic features eg. vocal techniques
  • listen for scalic passages / triadic movement / arpeggios
• leitmotif - character theme for film
• harmony

  • use of chord symbols (eg C Em F7)
  • power chords
  • rock music based on 12 bar blues pattern (I IV V)
• tonality

  • mostly major / minor
  • diatonic
• structure

  • riffs - repeated melodic bass pattern
  • intro, verse, chorus, bridge (sometimes pre-chorus) outro
• sonority

  • authentic instruments used in film / stage
  • broadway and film sometimes use of orchestra, wider ensembles
  • unique sounds + effects used in film
• texture

  • all textures used
  • some use of acapella vocal lines in some pop ballads
• tempo / metre

  • considerable use of 4/4 especially in rock and pop
  • some irregular time signatures
  • tempo - bpm
• dynamic

  • generally louder
  • pop + rock - less focus on expression and dynamic contrast vocal lines usually louder
  • film + broadway - much more expressive and dynamic contrast
• rock

  • rhythm- regular beat, back beat, semiquavers, syncopation
  • metre- usually 4/4
  • melody- short phrases, riffs, hooks, repetitive melodic ideas
  • texture- melody and accompaniment
• vocal techniques

  • portamento- slide
  • falsetto- male singer using unbroken voice
  • riffing- melodic pattern of descending or ascending notes usually on one syllable at a fast pace
  • acapella- unaccompanied
  • melisma- a syllable stretched over multiple notes
• pop

  • melody- conjunct, often repeated melodic ideas, balanced phrasing, vocal range often narrow with some exceptions
  • metre-mostly 4/4 or 2/4
  • texture- mostly melody and accompaniment