Oral Communication

• COMMUNICATION


  A PROCESS OF EXPRESSING IDEAS OR EXCHANGING IDEAS OR INFO- A PROCESS OF TRANSACTION OR NEGOTIATION OF MESSAGES TOWARD THE UNDERSTANDING OF ALL PARTIES INVOLVED.- systematic process where messages are sent to the receiver giving him or has chance to respond and this process is repeated.- TWO WAY INTERACTION BETWEEM SENDER AND RECEIVER
• source


  originator of the message - SENDER
• Message


  set of verbal or nonverbal symbol sent to a receiver
• Channel


  means by which a message is conveyed from the source to the receiver (medium used). EX: Telephone or airwaves
• Receiver


  the destination of the message
• Feedback


  verbal or nonverbal reactions to a message received by the source
• Oral communication


  includes face-to-face discussion, teleconferencing, and oral presentations and public speaking
• Noise


  anything that serves as barrier to the successful relaying of a message
• context


  setting in which communication takes place
• fields of experience


  cultural background and knowledge you bring to the communication situation
• Linear model


  shannon-weaver's model of communication - used in technical information (scientific, engineering)- one-directional, info from sender is conveyed directly to the receiver
• Shannon and Weaver


  emphasizedon noise as a hindrance tocommunication.
• Berlo


  says that the knowledge,communication, attitude, andskills, and sociocultural systemaffects communication
• interactive model


  - Takes into consideration feedback from the receiver- 2 Sources:1st - Message from the main source,2nd - feedback from a receiver who becomes the sourceThis overlappingfield experienceis shared information. Asyou interact more and sharecommon experience, the bigger the field gets and the more you know about each other.
• transactional model


  communication as occurring continuously and simultaneously between or among people
• Verbal communication


  It is the transmission of information with the use of words.
• oral communication


  is spoken and occurs in real time. This communication is generally unrecorded, but there are instances when audio recordings are made for later retrieval.
• written communication


  occurs asynchronously and is generallyrecorded for later retrieval.
• non-verbal communication


  It is the transmission of informationwith the use of wordless cues such asfacial expressions, gestures, andposture.
• body language

  - Facial expressions: eg., Raised eyebrows may meandisbelief.- Hand and leg movements: e.g., Open palms can signal honesty.- Posture when sitting or standing: e.g., A straight posture indicatesconfidence.- Touch: e.g., A gentle embrace shows comfort.- Appearance: Clothing, hair, and accessories convey differentmeanings.- Dance
• paralanguage


  Nonlinguistic means of vocal expression: rate, pitch, tone, and so on. Pitch: degree of highness or lowness ofa toneTone: related to pitch, quality, orstrengthIntonation: variation of the pitchRespiratory aspects: related to gasps,sighs, and variations in breathingVolumePauses andsilences
• sign language


  A sign is something that we find orsee, whereas a signal is generally used for something that is doneintentionally and suggests that some action be taken in response.• Symbols (figurative meaning such as colors, logos, etc)• Postures