Enzymes

• What is non-competitive inhibition?

  Non-competitive inhibition occurs when a molecule binds to an allosteric site on the enzyme, causing a conformational change that reduces the enzyme's activity.
• What is competitive inhibition?

  Competitive inhibition occurs when a molecule that is structurally similar to the substrate competes for binding to the active site of the enzyme.
• What is an enzyme-substrate complex?

  An enzyme-substrate complex is formed when the enzyme binds to its substrate, enabling the catalytic reaction to occur.
• What is the induced fit model?

  The induced fit model suggests that the active site of an enzyme can change its shape slightly to better accommodate the substrate.
• What is the lock and key model?

  The lock and key model describes the specificity of enzymes, where the shape of the active site perfectly matches the shape of the substrate.
• What is an enzyme?

  An enzyme is a biological catalyst that helps speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
• What factors can affect enzyme activity?

  Temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and enzyme concentration.
• How does enzyme concentration affect enzyme activity?

  Increasing enzyme concentration increases the rate of reaction until substrate concentration becomes the limiting factor.
• How does substrate concentration affect enzyme activity?

  As substrate concentration increases, the rate of enzymatic reaction also increases until the active sites of all enzymes are saturated.
• How does pH affect enzyme activity?

  Each enzyme has an optimum pH at which it functions best. Deviations from this pH can affect the enzyme's structure and activity.
• How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

  Increasing temperature initially increases enzyme activity, but at high temperatures, the enzyme can denature and lose its function.
• How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?

  Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction to occur.