Science

• Planck’s Constant states that the energy (E) of a photon is equal to hf, where E is the energy (photon), f is the frequency of the EM wave, and h is the Planck’s constant (6.63 x 10-34 J/s).
• A radiation with a frequency of 5.31 x 1014 Hz contains a certain amount of energy (E), which can be calculated using the formula E = hf.
• The approximate energy of a wave containing 3.24x10^-11kg can be determined using the formula E = mc^2.
• Given the mass of the particle is 3.24x10^-11kg and the speed of the wave is 3x10^8m/s, the energy of the wave can be calculated as E = (3.24x10^-11kg) (3x10^8m/s)² = 2 916 000 J.
• The energy (E) of a photon is 1.78 x 10-27 J.
• The frequency (f) of a photon can be calculated using the formula f = E/h.
• The frequency of an EM wave whose wavelength is measured to be 6.43x10-5 m is 4.66562986x10^12 Hz.
• The wavelength of a wave with a frequency of 2.79x10^9 Hz is 0.107526881m, which is in the microwave range.
• The approximate mass of a wave containing 1.54x10^-14 J of energy is 1.71111111x10^-31 kg.
• Energy-Mass Equivalence states that E=mc^2, where E is the wave energy, m is the mass of the EM wave and c is the speed of light (3x10^8 m/s).
• The frequency (f) of a photon calculated using the formula f = (1.78 x 10-27 J) / (6.63 x 10-34 J/s) is 2.684766214 x 106 Hz, which is the frequency of a radio wave.
• The speed (v) of an EM wave is equal to f, where v is the wave speed or c (3x108 m/s), f is the frequency of the EM wave, and is the wavelength in meters.
• The electromagnetic spectrum is the complete spectrum (or continuum) of all forms of "light".
• An electromagnetic wave consists of electric and magnetic fields which vibrate, making waves.
• The electromagnetic spectrum progression from the waves of lowest frequencies to the waves of highest frequencies.
• The different types of electromagnetic waves are defined by the amount of energy carried by/possessed by the photons (bundles of wave energy).
• The energy of a photon is given by the equation: E = hf where h is the Planck’s Constant (6.63 x 10-34 J/s) and f is the frequency of the EM wave.
• The gamma rays have photons of high energies while radio waves have photons with the lowest energies.
• The electromagnetic spectrum consists of: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-ray, Gamma ray.
• Short wavelength X-rays can penetrate even through metals and are used in industry to inspect welded joints for faults.
• Long wavelength X-rays can penetrate the flesh but not the bones and are used in X-ray photography to help doctors in diagnosing bone fractures and tumors.
• Gamma rays are the highest energy, have the shortest wavelength, are emitted by stars and some radioactive substances, are blocked from Earth’s surface by atmosphere and thick concrete and Pb, and are used to treat cancer through radiotherapy and also for sterilization of drinking water.
• All light waves travel at a speed of 3 x 10^8 m/s in a vacuum.
• The speed of light is a universal constant and is the same for all observers, regardless of their motion.
• The speed of light is also the same for all inertial observers, regardless of their motion.
• The speed of light is the same for all observers, regardless of their motion.
• The speed of light is the same for all inertial observers, regardless of their motion.
• Speed, frequency, and wavelength are related in the formula: v = f x l.
• Frequency describes the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount of time.
• Frequency is the number of waves that pass a fixed point in unit time; also, the number of cycles or vibrations undergone during one unit of time by a body in periodic motion.
• Frequency is usually measured in the hertz unit, named in honor of the 19th-century German physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz.
• The hertz measurement, abbreviated Hz, is the number of waves that pass by per second.
• Wavelength is the distance between corresponding points of two consecutive waves.
• As wavelength decreases, frequency will increase.
• Electromagnetic wave characteristics: short wavelengths have a high frequency, long wavelengths have a low frequency.
• High frequency waves have high energy, low frequency waves have low energy.
• The electromagnetic spectrum includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-ray, Gamma ray.
• Radio waves are low energy waves with longest wavelengths and include FM, AM, radar, and TV waves.
• Ultraviolet Radiation in UV lamps are used by banks to check the signature on a passbook and are also used to identify fake banknotes.
• Infrared Radiation lies beyond the red end of the visible light and is emitted by all objects.