Stuart Hall

• OTHERING:

  • he argues that the 'other' is constructed through cultural and social practices
  • it involves defining 'normal' or 'acceptable' within a society, and contrasting it with what is seen as 'abnormal' or 'different'
• REPRESENTING AND STEREOTYPING

  • emphasis on the role of media and cultural representations in the process of 'othering'
  • stereotypes are used to simplify and 'fix' the identities of the 'other', often in negative terms
  • these representations reinforce power dynamics and justify the exclusion of marginalized groups
• POWER AND IDENTITY

  • 'othering' is closely linked to power relations
  • by defining and marginalizing the 'other', dominant groups maintain their own identity and social position
  • the critic highlights that this is not just about exclusion, but also the construction of the dominant group's identity through contrast