Cell Division - CH2

    Cards (120)

    • what is contained within the nucleus?
      DNA
    • what is the job of the nucleus?
      To control the cell
    • what does DNA control?
      Our characteristics
    • what may happen if DNA within a cell is disrupted?
      Cellular processes may be altered
    • what does the nucleus contain?
      Genetic information
    • where are chromosomes found?
      Within the nucleus
    • what are chromosomes made of?
      Protein and DNA
    • Where is DNA found in almost all body cells?
      In the nucleus
    • What are sex cells (sperm and ova) called?
      Gametes
    • How much of an organism's DNA do gametes contain?
      Half
    • What type of cells are gametes?
      Haploid cells
    • What is the name for cells that contain DNA from both parents?
      Diploid
    • How much DNA do diploid cells contain from each parent?
      Half from each parent
    • What structures is DNA coiled into?
      Chromosomes
    • How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
      23 pairs
    • How many chromosomes do humans have in total?
      46
    • Do all eukaryotic organisms have the same number of chromosomes?
      No
    • What is a gene?
      Section of DNA that codes proteins
    • What does a gene code for?
      A particular protein/characteristic
    • How many genes does each chromosome contain?
      Thousands
    • What does the nucleus contain?
      Chromosomes
    • What do your genes code for?
      Your characteristics
    • What do chromosomes contain?
      DNA
    • What is a chromosome?
      • Very small X-shaped objects carrying genes
    • What do we inherit from our parents?
      Genes
    • What are genes linked together in?
      Chromosomes
    • Where does one set of chromosomes come from?
      The mother's egg cell
    • Where does the other set of chromosomes come from?
      The father's sperm cell
    • What are eggs and sperm called?
      Gametes
    • What is the name of the process where an egg and sperm cell join together?
      Fertilisation
    • How many chromosomes are in human body cells?
      46
    • What is DNA
      • The chemical from which chromosomes are made.
    • How are chromosomes found in human body cells?
      In pairs
    • What do the 23 pairs of chromosomes consist of?
      22 pairs plus 2 sex chromosomes
    • What is a zygote?
      Cell from egg and sperm fusion
    • What is the name for the eukaryotic cell formed by the fusion of an egg and sperm?
      Zygote
    • What are the 3 stages of the cell cycle?
      • Interphase: DNA replication and increase in number of organelles
      • Mitosis: chromosomes are pulled to each end of the cell and nucleus divides
      • Cytokinesis: cytoplasm/cell membrane divides to form two genetically identical cells
    • What happens during interphase?
      DNA replication and organelle increase
    • What happens during cytokinesis?
      Cytoplasm/cell membrane divides
    • What happens during mitosis in the cell cycle?
      Chromosomes pulled, nucleus divides