coastal management P1

• What two types of coastal management strategies are discussed in the video?

  Hard and soft engineering
• What are hard engineering strategies?

  Man-made structures to control the sea
• What do hard engineering structures aim to do?

  Control the flow of the sea
• What do hard engineering structures reduce?

  Flooding and erosion
• What are soft engineering schemes set up using?

  Knowledge of the sea and processes
• What do soft engineering schemes reduce the effects of?

  Flooding and erosion
• What is a seawall?

  A wall built at the coastline edge
• What is the purpose of a seawall?

  Protect cliffs, land, buildings against erosion
• What can a seawall also prevent in some areas?

  Coastal flooding
• What is an economic disadvantage of building a seawall?

  They are expensive to build
• How do curved sea walls affect wave energy?

  They reflect energy back onto the sea
• What can happen to a seawall over time due to wave reflection?

  The wall may begin to erode
• What increases with the erosion of a seawall?

  The cost of maintenance
• What are groins?

  Wooden barriers built at right angles
• What is the main purpose of groins?

  Prevent movement of beach material
• What is the movement of beach material along the coast called?

  Longshore drift
• What does allowing the buildup of a beach do?

  Creates a natural defense against erosion
• Why are beaches a natural defense against erosion?

  They absorb wave energy
• What is a benefit of a beach besides erosion protection?

  Tourist attraction
• Why can groins be seen as unattractive?

  They are man-made structures
• What is a disadvantage of groins?

  Costly to build and maintain
• What is rock armor?

  Large boulders piled on the beach
• What is the function of rock armor?

  Absorb the energy of waves
• Why can rock armour be expensive?

  To obtain and transport
• What does rock armour allow the build up of?

  A beach
• What does beach nourishment do?

  Replaces beach or cliff material
• How is beach or cliff material removed?

  Erosion or longshore drift
• What is a key advantage of beach nourishment?

  Natural defense against erosion and flooding
• What is another advantage of beach nourishment?

  Tourist attraction
• What is a disadvantage of beach nourishment?

  Requires constant maintenance
• What happens to the beach material in beach nourishment?

  It is washed away
• What happens in managed retreat?

  Coast erodes and floods naturally
• What type of areas are usually allowed to erode and flood naturally?

  Areas of low value
• What does managed retreat encourage the development of?

  Beaches and natural defenses
• What is important for the environment as well as being developed through managed retreat?

  Salt marshes
• Is managed retreat a cheap or expensive option?

  A cheap option
• What do people need to be compensated for in managed retreat?

  Loss of buildings and farmland
• What is one type of hard engineering strategy mentioned in the video that is not described in detail?

  Gabions
• What is another name for rock armour?

  Boulder barriers
• What coastal management strategy is mentioned in the video but not described?

  June regeneration