river profiles P1

Cards (23)

  • What is the path of a river as it flows downhill called?
    Its course
  • Where does a river have a steep upper course?
    Near the source
  • What type of slope does a river have in its middle course?
    Gently sloping
  • What type of slope does a river have in its lower course?
    Almost flat
  • What does the long profile of a river show?
    How the gradient changes
  • What do rivers form as they flow downhill?
    Channels and valleys
  • What processes do rivers use to shape the landscape?
    Erosion and deposition
  • What happens to eroded material carried by rivers?
    It is transported and deposited
  • What determines the shape of the valley and channel along a river?
    Dominant process of erosion or deposition
  • What does the cross profile of a river show?
    A cross-section of the river
  • What are the characteristics of a river's upper course?
    • Steep gradient
    • V-shaped valley
    • Steep sides
    • Narrow and shallow channel
  • What are the characteristics of a river's middle course?
    • Medium gradient
    • Gently sloping
    • Wide and deep channel
  • What are the characteristics of a river's lower course?
    • Gentle gradient
    • Very wide, almost flat
    • Very wide and deep channel
  • What are the two types of erosion that affect rivers?
    Vertical and lateral
  • Can vertical and lateral erosion occur simultaneously?
    Yes, but one is usually dominant
  • What does vertical erosion do to the river valley?
    Deepens the river valley
  • What shape does vertical erosion give to the river valley and channel?
    V-shaped
  • In which course of the river is vertical erosion most dominant?
    Upper course
  • What causes intense downwards erosion in the upper course?
    High turbulence and rough particles
  • What is the effect of lateral erosion on the river valley?
    It widens the river valley
  • What landform is associated with lateral erosion?
    Meanders
  • In which courses of the river is lateral erosion dominant?
    Middle and lower courses
  • What action do the rough and angular particles have on the riverbed due to high turbulence?
    Scraping