pre-released energy P3

• Energy security depends on what two key factors?

  Energy production and energy consumption
• How are global energy supply and consumption distributed?

  Unevenly distributed
• What is the relationship between a country's wealth and its energy consumption?

  Strong positive relationship
• Why do wealthy, developed countries tend to consume lots of energy?

  They have a higher standard of living
• Why do poor, less developed countries tend to consume less energy?

  They are unable to afford as much
• What are the three main reasons for the increasing global demand for energy?

  • Rising population
  • Economic development
  • Technological advancements
• What primarily affects energy supply globally?

  Global distribution of fossil fuels
• How does the location of fossil fuels affect energy supply?

  Affects its cost and ease of extraction
• What aspects of an area can affect energy supply?

  Climate or geography
• What is one factor affecting energy supply related to fossil fuel costs?

  Volatile prices
• How does political instability affect energy supply?

  Affects the ability to export energy
• How does access to technology affect energy supply?

  Limits ability to exploit resources
• What is a key consequence of energy insecurity?

  Increasing energy costs
• What environmental impact is increased by energy insecurity?

  Increased environmental damage
• Increased demand for what is a result of energy insecurity?

  Biofuels
• What is a consequence of increased biofuel usage?

  More deforestation
• What other impact is linked to increased biofuel usage and deforestation?

  More crop shortages
• How are consumers affected by energy insecurity?

  Higher costs to the consumers
• What is a consequence of consumers being unable to pay for higher energy costs?

  Higher poverty rates
• Energy insecurity can potentially lead to what?

  Political instability
• What does "volatile" mean in the context of fossil fuel prices?

  Changing prices
• What is biomass?

  Recently formed material derived from living things
• What do solar panels do?

  Turn sunlight into electricity
• How is electricity generated from biomass?

  Biomass and rubbish are burned to generate electricity
• What advancement is occurring in solar panel technology?

  They generate electricity even on cloudy days
• What is another name for hydroelectric power?

  HEP
• How is hydroelectric power generated?

  River water trapped behind a dam turns turbines
• Approximately what percentage of the UK's electricity is generated by hydroelectric power?

  1.5 percent
• What do wind turbines convert into electricity?

  Air movements
• Why is it difficult to significantly increase hydroelectric power generation in the UK?

  Most suitable dam building locations are already used
• Where does the UK generate more wind energy?

  Onshore
• Where could the UK build more wind turbines?

  Offshore
• What is the drawback of offshore wind turbines compared to onshore?

  They are more expensive
• What type of movement on the sea does wave energy harness?

  Small movements on the surface
• What is the current status of wave energy technology?

  It is new and currently expensive
• What does tidal energy harness?

  Larger movements of the tides
• What infrastructure is planned for tidal energy in the UK?

  Tidal lagoons
• What does geothermal power use to generate electricity?

  Heat within the Earth
• Where is geothermal heat more accessible?

  Iceland
• Where are there many suitable locations for geothermal power?

  Volcanoes