Unit 4 and 5

• Which Enlightenment thinker believed that the best type of government was one that divided its powers to protect the liberties of individual citizens?


  Baron de Montesquieu
• What was one idea that the leaders of the American Revolution shared with Enlightenment thinkers?

  That people had the right to overthrow their government if it abuses its power
• Which future American president was a famous commander during the French and Indian/Seven Years war?

  George Washington
• During the Era of good feelings, the _____________________________ were the only dominant political party.

  Democratic- Republicans
• Which political party would you associate with Alexander Hamilton?

  The Federalist Party
• What political movement of the 1850s associated with nativism?

  Know- Nothings

  
• What is the above image likely in response to? (on the back of the previous flashcard)

  Increasing numbers of Irish Catholic immigrants to the United States
• Which term best describes the motivations for Americans to claim Oregon, Texas, and the Southwest?

  Manifest Destiny
• "The State of South Carolina having resumed her separate and equal place among nations, deems it due to herself, to the remaining United States of America, and to the nations of the world, that she should declare the immediate causes which have led to this act....[A]n increasing hostility on the part of the non-slaveholding States to the institution of slavery, has led to a disregard of their obligations, and the laws of the General Government have ceased to effect the objects of the Constitution. The States of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont {etc}.., have enacted laws which either nullify the Acts of Congress or render useless any attempt to execute them. In many of these States the fugitive is discharged from service or labor claimed, and in none of them has the State Government complied with the stipulation made in the Constitution. . . ."This excerpt most likely comes from what source?

  South Carolina's ordinance of Secession
• Based on the complaint against the states listed in the excerpt above, what federal law is South Carolina referencing?

  The Fugitive Slave Act
• What had the impact of changing the narrative of the civil war from a fight to save the Union to a fight to end slavery?

  The Emancipation Proclamation
• Which amendments were passed at the end of the Civil War in regards to freeing slaves and their new rights?

  13th, 14th, 15th
• What best describes the 2 phases of reconstruction?

  Presidential and Congressional
• What was the purpose of Patrick Henry's quote, "I am not a Virginian, but an American"?

  The colonies had to stop think as separate divisions and unite to defeat the British
• What was the federal government's response to South Carolina's refusal to pay the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 and attempts to secede?

  The Force Bill
• When President John Quincy Adams named Henry Clay his Secretary of state, Andrew Jackson's supporters accused Adams and Clay of...


  Striking a corrupt bargain
• Why is the Battle of Saratoga considered the turning point of the Revolutionary war?

  It led to the French forming an alliance with the U.S.
• Which case in the early 1800's led to the establishment of judicial review?

  Marbury vs Madison
• In the case Worcester v. Georgia, the Supreme Court ruled that

  State officials must honor Cherokee property rights
• which people/group believed in implied powers?

  Federalists
• Which group would most likely opposed Alexander Hamilton's views?

  Anti- Federalists
• What did the Sedition Act prohibit, or outlaw?

  public opposition to the governmentor public elections?? idk but i looked it up and it said opp to gov't so go w/ that one
• What was President Washington's opinion on foreign policies in his Farewell Address?

  Neutrality- steer clear of foreign alliances
• In the Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court ruled:

  Ruled that congress could not prohibit slavery because slaves were private property
• The reform movements of the early 1800s took place in the context of what other major movement?

  The Second Great Awakening
• The quote below can be best associated with what concept dividing the U.S. in the 1800's?" Democratic liberty exists solely because we have slaves... freedom is not possible without slavery." - The Richmond Enquirer, 1856

  Sectionalism
• Which branch of government is responsible for making the law?

  Legislative
• What was one effect of the Proclamation line of 1763?

  It led to colonists resenting England because they were not allowed to settle in territory that they had just finished fighting for it.
• "We hold these truths to be self-evident, thatall men are created equal, that they are en-dowed by their Creator with certain unalienableRights, that among these are Life, Liberty andthe pursuit of Happiness. That to secure theserights, Governments are instituted among Men,deriving their just powers from the consent ofthe governed,—That whenever any Form of Gov-ernment becomes destructive of these ends, it isthe Right of the People to alter or to abolish it,and to institute new Government."According to the Declaration of Independence, where does the government get the power to govern?

  From the people it governs
• What was a major weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

  The federal government was too weak
• How did the 3/5ths compromise settle arguments during the Constitutional Convention?

  It determined how slaves could count for population, settling arguments between Northern and Southern states
• The president vetoing a law that has been passed by congress is an example of what?

  Checks and Balances
• The Seneca Falls Convention focused on what issue?

  Acquire voting rights for women
• What was an effect of the Missouri Compromise

  Postponement of the debate over the future of slavery, leading to further disagreement
• Most southern political leaders praised the Dred Scott decision (1857) because it _____________________.

  upheld the principle of popular sovereignty
• Reconstruction ultimately failed because

  white southerners refused to accept newly emancipated peoples having the same rights as they did.
• In the near future, an enemy of the US attacks an American aircraft carrier in international waters. This sparks outcry by the American public for war. Which branch of government has the power to declare said war?

  Legislative
• Loving and kind father and mother: My most humble duty remembered to you, hoping in God of your good health, as I myself am at the makinghereof. This is to let you understand that I your child am in a most heavy case by reason of the nature of the country, [which] is such that it causeth much sickness, [such] as the scurvy and the bloody flux and diverse other diseases, which maketh the body very poor and weak...But for God's sake send beef and cheese and butter, or the more of one sort and none of another. But if you send cheese, it must be very old cheese; and . . . you musthave a care how you pack it in barrels; and you must put cooper's chips between every cheese, or else the heat of the hold will rot them. And look whatsoever you send me—be it never so much—look, what [ever] I make of it, I will deal truly with you..."- Richard Frethorne, VirginiaThe excerpt quoted above would be most useful to historian


  The lives & working conditions of indentured servants in the early colonies
• The author's tone and perspective is likely influenced by:

  his basic concerns for survival and a cry for help
• What was a prominent pre-constitutional problem in the US?

  The country not having a singular form of currency.