Attachment

• Maternal Deprivation - the emotional and intellectual consequence of separation between a child and their mother.
• Learning Theory - A set of theories from the behaviourist approach which emphasises the role of learning in the acquisition of behaviour.
• Animal Extrapolation - The estimation of how human organisms work, is supported via results drawn from animals.
• Effect of Institutionalisation: 'Damage to Intellectual Disability' - Institutionalised children often show signs of intellectual disability, however the effect is much less pronounced if children are adopted before 6 months of age.
• Effects of Institutionalisation: 'Disinhibited Attachment' - Institutionalised children tend to be equally friendly and affectionate toward people they know well and strangers.
• Monotropy - One particular attachment which is different in quality and importance than other attachments.
• Social Releasers - Innate cute behaviours which elicit a response from a caregiver which makes them want to care for the infant e.g. cooing, smiling.
• Critical Period: The time within an attachment must form, if it is to form at all.

  Lorenzo and Harlow noted attachments in monkeys and geese had critical periods - Bowlby extended this idea to human attachments.
• Internal Working Model - The mental representation of the primary attachment relationship which affects future relationships as it carries the perception of how relationships are supposed to be.