REPRODUCTION

• Reproduction is a biological process in which different organisms have the ability to produce another of their kind.
• Asexual reproduction does not involve gametes or sex cells. This type of reproduction can be observed in some plants and in lower forms of animals.
• BUDDING An organism is reproduced by forming an outgrowth, or a “bud”, from a part of the parent organism’s body.

  Example: Cnidarians (hydra), tunicates
• FRAGMENTATION An organism is produced from the detached body part of its parent.

  Example: Some species of sea stars (star fish), flatworms
• BINARY FISSION A parent organism splits into two “daughter” organisms. This type of asexual reproduction is usually done by prokaryotic organisms and some invertebrates.

  Example: Cyanobacteria and sea anemone
• VEGETATIVE REPRODUCTION any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or grows from a specialized reproductive structure

  (such as a stolon, rhizome, tuber, corm, or bulb).
• SPORE FORMATION This involves the production of spores, which are specialized asexual reproductive cells.

  Example: Ferns
• SEXUAL REPRODUCTION the production of new organisms by the combination of genetic information of two individuals of different sexes
• Reproductive traits in organism

  Color display and sexual selection
• ANIMAL REPRODUCTION animals requires physical interaction with each other in close proximity
• PLANT REPRODUCTION Plants always need a vector / pollinator to reproduce
• DEVELOPMENT the series of progressive, nonrepetitive changes that occur during the life history of an organism.
• LIFE CYCLE OF A MAN

  • From meiosis, the gametes are directly formed
  • Morphogenesis in man happens during multiplication of cells
  • Growth is determined by the environment and genes
• LIFE CYCLE OF A PLANT

  • From meiosis, plants produce spores first before forming the gametes
  • Morphogenesis in plants happen when their cells increase in size
  • Growth is highly determined by the environment
  • it undergoes, alternation of generations , where they have sexual and asexual life cycles