PR2 Basic Statistical Tools

• Statistics is the science concerned with

  developing and studying methods for

  collecting, analyzing, interpreting and

  presenting empirical data. (University of

  California)
• TWO BRANCHES OF STATISTICS

  Descriptive statistics, Inferential Statistics
• summarize and organize

  characteristics of responses or

  observation from a sample or

  entire population

  Descriptive statistics
• used to draw conclusions

  from a sample and draw

  conclusion about the

  population.

  Inferential Statistics
• STATISTICAL TOOLS OF DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

  frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation
• It refers to the number of times each data

  occurs.

  Frequency Distribution
• Frequency table is used to record the occurrence of each data.
• This is the average of a set of data. It is the

  most widely used measure of central

  tendency. It is the sum of the values divided

  by the number of values within the data set.

  Mean
• The standard deviation (SD) is a

  measure of spread or variation of each

  data from the mean.

  Standard Deviation