genbio

• families are the elements in a column in the periodic table.
• compounds are formed through a chemical reaction.
• In writing a chemical equation, the reactants are written on the left-hand side, while the products are written on the right-hand side.
• An arrow pointing to the right is known as a forward reaction, while an arrow pointing to the left is known as a reverse reaction.
• If two (2) arrows (⇋) are placed between the reactants and products, this shows that the reaction is reversible.
• Coefficients indicate how much of that compound is involved in the reaction. Subscripts indicate the charge.
• Composition/Synthesis Reactions These are reactions where multiple reactants, such as element A and B, interact with each other to form element a single product, compound AB. Energy is required for composition reactions to occur.
• Decomposition Reactions These are reactions where one (1) compound undergoes changes due to an external factor that initiates the reaction (temperature, Ph). It is broken down into its constituents and releases energy as the bonds are broken.
• Displacement Reactions These are reactions where the reactants are have more than one (1) element, such as element A and BC, interact with each other by swapping one (1) of the elements.
• An oxidation–reduction or redox reaction is a reaction that involves the transfer of electrons between chemical species (the atoms, ions, or molecules involved in the reaction).
• Biochemistry focuses on processes happening at a molecular level. ​It focuses on what’s happening inside our cells, studying components like proteins, lipids and organelles.
• The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. ​
• atomic mass is the average mass of the protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom.​
• Electronegativity is the measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards itself. 
• valence electron is the outermost shell electrons that is associated with an atom that can participate in the formation of chemical bond.
• Chemical bond is an electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of an atom , and which binds together. Oftentimes, this attraction is called INTRAMOLECULAR FORCES​
• IONIC BOND - Result from the transfer of one more valence electrons from one another. Exists between metals and non-metals.
• - CATIONS (loss of electrons) ​

  - ANIONS (gain of electrons)
• covalent bond is the sharing of electrons, exist between non-metal elements and it can be classified as polar and non-polar  
• NONPOLAR COVALENT BOND​ - it is a bond in which the electrons are equally shared by the bonded of the atoms.
• POLAR COVALENT BOND - it is a bond in which the electrons are unequal shared by the bonded of the atoms.​
• A chemical reaction is a process through which one (1) or more substances are changed into different substances.
• Reactant – Starting material/substance that will undergo transformation to form products.