Absolute contraindications for both soft tissue and DMFR include: none.
Relative contraindications for DMFR include:
Injury
Malignancy
Infection
Osteoporosis
Osteopenia
Absolute contraindications for muscle energy includes:
Patient cannot follow directions
Fracture or dislocation
Infection or injury
Metastatic disease at treatment site
Relative contraindications for muscle energy on thoracic spine:
Strains
Osteoporosis
Positioning that compromises vasculature
Severe illness
Absolute contraindications for HVLA:
Fracture
Dislocation
Fusion
Osteo/rhuematoid arthritis
Infection
Down Syndrome
Relative contraindications for HVLA:
Muscles spasms or sprains
Osteopenia
Atypical facets
Hypermobile states
Orthopedic hardware
HVLA is not recommended for patients with osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or Down syndrome.
Relative contraindications for soft tissue techniques:
Sprain, strain, and fracture
Which thoracic nerves control respiratory processes?
T2-T9
T1-T5 nerves impact which body system?
Cardiovascular System
Which cranial nerve impacts parasympathetic innervations?
Cranial Nerve X
What makes up the vertebral unit?
Vertebrae, IV disc, and surrounding ligaments
Regional and local motion testing of a vertebrae are diagnosed in ease.
Current thinking regarding the mechanism of action of HVLA technique is that the sudden stretch or change in the joint alters the afferent activity of the mechanoreceptors, resulting in a neural change at the related spinal cord segment and the release of muscle hypertonicity surrounding the joint.
