Science Vocab Review S1 Final

• Process by which a fertilized egg transforms into an adult organism

  Development
• External signal proteins which cause cells to divide

  Growth factors
• Process by which new cells are made

  Division
• Cytoplasm divides as new cell membrane forms

  Cytokinesis
• Can infect normal cells and turn them cancerous

  Virus
• First growth phase of interphase

  G1 Phase
• Mitosis and cytokinesis take place during this part of the cell cycle

  M Phase
• Undifferentiated cells often found in embryos


  STEM
• Mutated genes that can lead to cancer

  Oncogenes
• Process by which cells acquire specialized shapes and functions

  Differentiation
• Most of a cell's life is spent in this phase between cell divisions


  Interphase
• DNA synthesis phase of interphase

  S Phase
• Second growth phase of interphase

  G2 Phase
• Stem cells can be...

  -Transformed into specialized cells

  -Used in therapies for cancer

  -Used in therapies for spinal cord injuries
• When cells in a developing organism transform into specialized cells...

  Cell differentiation
• These types of tumors can spread to a new location in the body...

  Malignant
• DNA in the nucleus can control large cells better than small cells. True or False

  False
• Uncontrolled cell division may result in...

  Cancer
• Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase occur in which phase of the cell cycle

  Mitosis
• The cytoplasm divides to create new two daughter cells during...

  Cytokinesis
• Interphase is made up of three stages...,...., and...

  G1, S, G2
• ...are undifferentiated and can develop into specialized cells

  Stem cells
• Humans have a total of...chromosomes in each body cell

  46
• Small cells are more efficient than large material in and out of the cell. True or False

  True
• Mitosis cell division is needed for...

  -Repair

  -Growth

  -Replacement
• ...can trigger cells to become cancerous


  -UV rays

  -Some viruses

  -Some chemicals
• Mutated genes which can cause certain types of cancer...

  Oncogenes
• Mitosis is the division of the...

  Nucleus
• At the end of mitosis cell division, one cell has produced...

  2 genetically identical daughter cells
• Stage of cell cycle when DNA is doubled...

  S Phase
• External regulators which control cell division...

  Growth factors
• In which stage fo the cell cycle does the nucleus divide?

  M Phase
• Cells spend 90% of their lifetime in this phase of the cell cycle...

  Interphase
• Stem cells can be...


  -Transformed into specialized cells

  -Used in therapies for cancer

  -Used in therapies for spinal cord injuries
• Maintaining balance in a living system; keeping stable internal conditions

  Homeostasis
• A possible answer to a scientific question

  hypothesis
• Behaviors that are developed over time

  learned
• The basic unit of life

  cell
• Is specific; uses realistic resources, conditions, and procedures

  testable question
• A condition that is changed or tested in an experiment

  manipulated variable