Human Genome project

• What is the genome?

  All of the DNA of an organism, all the genes that carry all the genetic information to make all the proteins an organism requires
• What were the aims of the human genome project?

  • Identify all 20-25,000 genes in human DNA
  • To find the locus of each gene
  • Determine the sequence of human DNA
• What is bioinformatics?

  The science of collecting and analysing complex biological data such as genetic codes
• What techniques were used to sequence the genome?

  • WGS (whole genome sequencing)
  • SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism)
• What is whole genome sequencing (WGS)?

  • DNA is cut into small sections
  • Computer algorithms align overlapping sections to assemble the genome
• What are single nucleotide polymorphisms?

  Single base variations associated with disease and other disorders
• What is the cellular proteome?

  All of the proteins made by a particular cell
• What is the human microbiome project?

  Sequencing pathogens that pose a threat to human life
• Why is the human microbiome project important?

  Identify antigens and make vaccines
• Why are bacteria easier sequence?

  • No histones
  • Circular DNA
  • No introns