Medieval period

• The Medieval period of European history, referred to as the "Dark Ages", spanned from the fall of the Roman Empire to the beginning of the Renaissance, lasting from 500 CE to 1500 CE.
• Monarchy is a system where a community or society is headed by kings and queens.
• The Pope had the power to choose the leader during the Medieval period.
• Charles Martel, also known as Charles the Hammer, was a significant figure in the Middle Ages.
• Pepin the Short was a prominent figure in the Middle Ages.
• Charlemagne, also known as Charles the Great, was a significant figure in the Middle Ages.
• Christianity was the predominant religion during the Medieval period.
• Bishops and archbishops came from the nobles during the Medieval period.
• Parish priests were mostly commoners during the Medieval period.
• The Pope ruled vast land in Italy known as the Papal Estate during the Medieval period.
• The Church was the only school in the Middle Ages.
• Pope Leo III hailed Charlemagne as the emperor after being saved from a violent mob during the Medieval period.
• Feudalism is a social class based on land ownership during the Medieval period.
• The Manorial System was prevalent during the Medieval period.
• During the Medieval period, culture was mostly based on Christianity, with people depending on Divine belief instead of having medical discoveries.
• The Middle Ages were regarded as a time of uninterrupted ignorance, superstition, and social oppression.
• Chivalry is a code of conduct that has Christian Virtues and Values during the Medieval period.
• The Church united the Kingdoms by having one religion during the Medieval period.
• The Church provided food and shelter to poor people during the Medieval period.
• The Church preserved learning and morality during the Medieval period.
• The Church preserved classical culture during the Medieval period.
• Medieval monks were expert in Agriculture during the Medieval period.
• The Church emphasized justice, peace and brotherhood during the Medieval period.
• The Crusades were a series of warfare between Christianity and Islam that took place from 1096 to 1291.
• In 1095 at the Council of Clermont in France, the Pope convinced the nobles and peasants to join the military expedition known as the First Crusade.
• The Third Crusade, also known as the Children’s Crusade, took place from 1189 to 1192.
• The Black Death was a devastating global epidemic of bubonic plague that struck Europe and Asia in the mid-1300s.
• The Medieval period of European history, referred to as the "Dark Ages", spanned from the fall of the Roman Empire to the beginning of the Renaissance, lasting from 500 CE to 1500 CE.
• Wooden castles were easily destroyed by the burning missiles slung by siege weapons.
• Castles began to be built with stone and their walls were built higher and thicker—exposed walls could be as thick as 33 feet.
• The Franks were among the many Germanic tribes who settled into the West in what was then called Gaul, which is now France.
• Clovis was able to unify the Franks and conquer Gaul, establishing the Merovingian Dynasty.
• Clovis was converted to Christianity, gaining the support of the pope.
• After Clovis's death, his successors were not able to maintain power and control over the kingdom.
• Pepin II was able to reunite the Frankish kingdom and territories, and was succeeded by his son Charles Martel.
• Charles Martel, also known as Charles the Hammer, was well remembered for saving Western Europe from the advancing forces of the Muslim armies.
• Pepin the Short succeeded Charles Martel and was the first to be conferred as “King of the Franks”, being crowned by the Pope.
• Pepin the Short strengthened the alliance of his dynasty with the church.
• Charlemagne, also known as Charles the Great, was the greatest among the Frankish kings, ruling for 46 years and expanding the size of his kingdom.
• Charlemagne became the first ruler of the Holy Roman Empire, a dynasty that would last for more than 700 years.