blood

• What is blood primarily considered in the body?

  A super important fluid
• What is the name of the red blood cell shown in the image?

  Erythrocyte
• What are erythrocytes commonly known as?

  Red blood cells
• How does blood function in temperature regulation?

  It helps keep your body at a stable temperature
• What are the main functions of blood?

  • Transport: Carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste
  • Temperature Regulation: Maintains stable body temperature
  • Protection: Fights germs and stops bleeding
• What role do platelets play in blood's protective function?

  They stop bleeding
• How does blood protect the body from infections?

  It contains white blood cells to fight germs
• What are the main types of white blood cells shown in the image?

  • Monocyte
  • Lymphocyte
  • Neutrophil
  • Eosinophil
  • Basophil
• If you wanted to study the detailed surface features of a cell, which type of microscope would you use?

  Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
• What is the structure of hemoglobin?

  • Hemoglobin is made up of 4 globin molecules
  • Each globin molecule contains a heme group with an iron atom
• What is the name of the white blood cell shown in the image with a segmented nucleus?

  Neutrophil
• What types of cells are included in leukocytes?

  Neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils
• What is the role of leukocytes in the body?

  They provide immune defense
• What are leukocytes commonly known as?

  White blood cells
• What is the name of the small cell fragments shown in the image?

  Platelets
• What are the four main components of blood?

  Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
• What are platelets responsible for?

  Helping in blood clotting
• What does plasma carry in the blood?

  Cells, nutrients, and waste
• What is plasma?

  A yellowish fluid carrying cells, nutrients, and waste
• What is plasma in the context of blood?

  The yellowish liquid component of blood
• What is the primary function of plasma?

  To act as a transport medium
• What percentage of blood volume does plasma make up?

  About 55%
• What types of substances does plasma carry?

  Dissolved substances including nutrients and waste
• What are the main categories of substances transported by plasma?

  • Nutrients: Glucose, amino acids, vitamins
  • Hormones: Chemical messengers
  • Waste Products: Urea, lactic acid
  • Gases: CO2, oxygen
• How do the functions of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM) differ?

  SEMs produce 3D images, while TEMs produce 2D images
• How do the components of blood work together in the body?

  They transport oxygen, fight infections, and clot blood
• What is the shape of red blood cells?

  Biconcave
• How many hemoglobin molecules are in a single red blood cell?

  300 million
• What is the name of the white blood cell shown in the second image?

  eosinophil
• What role do hormones play in plasma transport?

  They act as chemical messengers
• What is the primary function of erythrocytes?

  They carry oxygen
• What waste products are carried by plasma?

  Urea, lactic acid
• Which gases are transported by plasma?

  CO2 and oxygen
• What nutrients are transported by plasma?

  Glucose, amino acids, vitamins
• How do red blood cells transport oxygen and carbon dioxide?

  • Oxygen binds to hemoglobin in the red blood cells to form oxyhemoglobin
  • Carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin
  • This allows the transport of oxygen to tissues and carbon dioxide back to the lungs
• How does the structure of red blood cells facilitate their function in gas exchange?

  Their biconcave shape and flexibility enhance oxygen transport
• Why do red blood cells have a biconcave shape?

  Their biconcave shape allows them to pass through tight spaces in the bloodstream
• What are the key differences between the gas exchange processes in the alveoli and the capillaries?

  • In the alveoli, oxygen is absorbed from the air and carbon dioxide is released
  • In the capillaries, oxygen is released to the tissues and carbon dioxide is absorbed from the tissues
• How many oxygen molecules can a single red blood cell transport?

  1.2 billion
• What are the main components of the red blood cell membrane?

  Specialized proteins, including spectrin