basic concepts

• aromatic: contains benzene ring
• alicyclic: an aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic rings with/without side chains
• aliphatic (straight/branched chain): a compound containing carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings
• 3 types of hydrocarbons: aliphatic alicyclic and aromatic
• skeletal formula: the simplified organic formula, shown by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups
• structural formula: minimal detail that shows the arrangements of elements in a molecule
• displayed formula: relative positioning of atoms and the bond between them (gives most important)
• displayed formula: relative positioning of atoms and the bond between them (gives most important)
• molecular formula: the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule
• empirical formula: simplest whole number about ratio of atoms in each element present in a compound
• homologous series meaning: series of organic compounds have the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2
• homologous series: changes in physical properties
• functional group: change in chemical properties
• amines

  
• alcohol

  
• haloalkanes

  
• arenes

  
• alkenes

  
• functional group: a group of atoms that determines the properties of a compound