Concerto through time

• 3 time periods:

  baroque

  classical

  romantic
• 3 baroque composers:

  vivaldi

  handel

  bach
• baroque period was 1600-1750
• the baroque solo concertos had 3 movements, the first, second and third
• instruments in a baroque orchestra

  A) horns

  B) timpani

  C) trumpets

  D) double basses

  E) bassoons

  F) violas

  G) oboes

  H) 2nd violins

  I) 1st violins

  J) harpsichord

  K) cellos

  
• a baroque orchestra consists of :

  horns

  timpani

  trumpets

  oboes

  bassoons

  violas

  double basses

  1st violins

  2nd violins

  cellos

  harpsichord
• solo instruments in baroque period:

  violin

  cello

  recorder

  flute

  oboe

  bassoon

  trumpet

  lute
• in the baroque period, recorders were replaced with wooden flutes
• the harpsichord accompanied and directed the piece in a baroque orchestra as there was no official conductor
• the classical era saw the introduction of the piano
• during the classical period, baroque concerto grossos went out of fashion and composers instead opted to write solo concertos
• classical orchestra

  A) timpani

  B) bassons

  C) trumpets

  D) cellos

  E) double basses

  F) conductor

  G) 1st violins

  H) 2nd violins

  I) violas

  J) clarinets

  K) oboes

  L) flutes

  M) horns

  
• the classical period was from 1750-1820
• 3 famous classical composers:

  Haydn

  Mozart

  Beethoven
• the first movement of a classical concerto is usually in sonata form and is brisk and purposeful
• the second movement of a classical concerto is usually in ternary or variation form and is slow ad lyrical
• the third movement of a classical concerto is usually in Rondo, variation or sonata form and is fast and cheerful
• the first movement of a baroque concerto is usually in the ritornello form or a fugue and is brisk and purposeful
• the second movement of a baroque concerto is usually in Da Capo Aria/ Ternary form and is slow and song-like
• the third movement of a baroque concerto is usually in the ritornello form or a fugue and is fast and cheerful
• romantic orchestra

  A) percussion

  B) timpani

  C) horns

  D) trumpets

  E) trombones

  F) tuba

  G) harps

  H) bass clarinet

  I) clarinet

  J) bassoons

  K) piccolo

  L) flutes

  M) oboe

  N) double basses

  O) cellos

  P) violas

  Q) 2nd violin

  R) 1st violins

  S) conductor

  
• the romantic period is from 1820-1900
• 3 famous romantic composers:

  Beethoven

  Brahms

  liszt
• the first movement of a romantic concerto is usually in sonata form and is allegro
• the second movement of a romantic concerto is usually ternary or variation form and is slow and lyrical
• the third movement of a romantic concerto is Rondo, Variation or sonata form and is fast and cheerful
• New instruments introduced in the romantic orchestra are:

  harps

  double bassoon

  Bass clarinet

  piccolo

  trombone

  tuba

  and an array of percussion