Genetics and Heredity

• Genetics is the study of genes
• Heredity is how traits, characteristics, are passed on from generation to generation
• Gregor Mendel is considered "The Father of Genetics"
• Mendelian Genetics is the study of the inheritance of traits and the genetic basis of inherited disorders
• Two types of traits: Dominant and Recessive
• Dominant traits are traits that are expressed
• Recessive traits are traits that are covered up
• DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid and is the genetic material of all living things
• DNA is a type of nucleic acid
• DNA is often called the code or blueprint of life. It is the genetic material that contains the instructions for making proteins.
• DNA is located in a nucleus inside the chromosomes
• Amino Acids


  building blocks of proteins
• messenger RNA or mRNA


  RNA is made up of DNA template in nucleus
• Cytosine and Guanine Adenine and Uracil are the pairs in RNA
• ribonucleic acid (RNA)


  RNA
• Cytosine and Guanine Adenine and Thymine are the pairs of the nitrogenous bases
• Cytosine Thymine Adenine Guanine

  Four nitrogenous bases
• nucleotides


  Basic units of DNA molecule, composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and one of 4 DNA bases
• nitrogenous bases


  what the teeth of the ladder's made up of
• Phosphate and Deoxyribose sugar


  The backbone of DNA is made up of...
• James Watson and Francis Crick


  who developed the DNA model?
• deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)


  What does DNA stand for?
• DNA


  is often called the code or blueprint of life
• DNA


  contains the instructions for making PROTEINS within the cell
• Recessive traits


  traits that are covered up
• Dominant traits


  traits that are expressed
• dominant and recessive


  two types of traits
• Gregor Mendel


  "The Father of Genetics"
• Heredity


  is how traits, characteristics, are passed on from generation to generation
• mRNA carries the message of DNA to the cytoplasm to the ribosome
• the shape of a dna molecule is called a double helix