Right realism

• Realism 2.3 - 3.2 supports the change to be progressive, think more controlled with the government, and have a large part of the people's lives.
• Labour and Green Party and the democratic realism have a more interventionist approach towards the economic to prevent crime.
• Realism has large holding such as the National Service Act of 1946 UK and the Parental Leave Act.
• The media outlets associated with realism include the guardian, daily mirror, and Huffington Post.
• Both left and right realism hold authoritarian and economic beliefs.
• Realism is not as simple as black and white.
• Right realism wants to keep the same, keep personal freedom, more traditional roles, keep the government limited, and have private sector competition to better.
• The right realist have right wing, conservative outlooks, focus on practical solutions to reduce crimes, believe the best way to deal with crime is control and punishment rather than rehabilitation offenders or tackling causes of poverty, and reject the Marxist theory view of crime.
• Wilson and Herrnestein believe crime is the product of biological differences between individuals, personality traits associated with criminality such as aggressiveness, risk taking or low intelligence, and inadequate socialisation.
• Realist see the nuclear as the best agency of socialisation.
• Murray believes the nuclear family is being undermined by generous welfare benefits, leading to a steady rise in welfare dependent long parent families.
• Father no longer need to remain in the home and take responsibility as the state will do it.
• Murray believes that welfare dependency is creating a underclass who will fail to socialise their children properly.
• Offending is a rational choice according to Rational choices theory RCT, which assumes that we are rational beings with free will, deciding to commit a crime is a choice based on a rational calculations of the consequences.
• If the rewards outweigh the cost, people will offend.
• Felson’s routine activity theory argues that for crime to occur, factors such as motivated offenders, suitable target, and the absence of a capable guardian are necessary.
• The National Service Act 1946 in the UK and the Parental Leave Act 1974 in Sweden are examples of left-wing legislative initiatives.
• Right realism, associated with Wilson and Herrnstein, attributes crime to biological differences between individuals and personality traits like aggressiveness, risk-taking, or low intelligence.
• Felson's routine activity theory suggests that for crime to occur, motivated offenders, suitable targets, and the absence of a capable guardian are essential factors.
• Murray argues that generous welfare benefits undermine the nuclear family, leading to welfare-dependent lone-parent families, which contributes to the failure of socialization and the creation of an underclass.
• Rational choice theory (RCT) posits that individuals make rational choices to commit crimes based on a calculation of the rewards outweighing the costs.
• The left-wing perspective supports change, emphasizes government intervention in the economy, and is often associated with political parties like Labour, Green Party, and the Democratic Party.
• Media outlets such as The Guardian, The Daily Mirror, and The Huffington Post are described as left-wing sources.
• Right-wing ideology aims to maintain personal freedom, traditional roles, limited government, and lower taxes for economic growth and aligns with parties like the Conservative Party and the Republican Party.
• Right realism is characterized by a conservative outlook and sees crime as a growing problem.
• Right realism emphasizes control and punishment rather than rehabilitation and rejects Marxist perspectives on crime.
• According to rational choice theory (RCT), the decision to commit a crime is based on a rational calculation of the consequences, where perceived rewards outweigh costs.
• Felson's routine activity theory states that for crime to occur, three factors are necessary: motivated offenders, suitable targets, and the absence of a capable guardian.
• Several studies support RTC; Retting gave students a scenario of an opportunity to commit a crime and found that the degree of punishment determined whether they chose to commit the crime.
• Feldman found that people made rational decisions: if the rewards were high and risk low, they said the crime was worth committing.
• Bennett and Wright interviewed convicted burglars and found that risk was the most important factor influencing their decision to commit the crime.
• The studies by Retting, Feldman, and Bennett and Wright help to explain some opportunistic petty crimes such as theft.
• The weakness of the studies by Retting and Feldman is that they were experiments, so the result may not apply to real offenders.
• Bennett and Wright's study on convicted burglars has a weakness in that it is based on unsuccessful burglars, and it is unknown if successful burglars also think that way.
• Not all crimes are the result of rational decisions; violent crimes are often impulsive.
• Offenders under the influence of drugs or school may also be unlikely to calculate the risk and rewards before offending.
• Left realism is characterized by having left wings and a socialist political outlook.
• Left realists see inequality in capitalism society as the root cause of crime.
• The main victims of crime according to left realists are disadvantaged groups, the working class, ethic minorities, and women.
• Crime rates are highest in working class areas with high levels of unemployment and deprivation.