Digestive system

• What shape is the stomach?

  Hollow J-shaped muscular pouch
• What substances does the stomach contain?

  Hydrochloric acid and enzymes
• What is the function of the stomach?

  Continues chemical and mechanical digestion
• What is produced in the stomach?

  Chyme
• What is the oesophagus?

  Long muscular tube from mouth to stomach
• What is the function of the oesophagus?

  Delivers food to the stomach via peristalsis
• What does bile do?

  Breaks down fats
• How does bile aid in digestion?

  Increases surface area of fats for digestion
• What is the ileum?

  Last part of the small intestine
• What structures are found in the ileum?

  Villi and microvilli
• What does the rectum do?

  Receives waste from the colon
• What is the function of the villi in the ileum?

  Absorb digested food into blood or lymphatic system
• What triggers the urge to defecate?

  When poop enters the rectum
• What is the large intestine?

  Long tube continuing from the small intestine
• What is the function of the large intestine?

  Absorbs excess water from undigested food
• What do friendly gut bacteria do in the large intestine?

  Break down remaining carbohydrates to produce vitamins
• What is the duodenum?

  First part of the small intestine
• What does the duodenum receive?

  Digestive juices and enzymes from pancreas and liver
• What continues in the duodenum?

  Chemical digestion
• What is the gall bladder?

  Small, pear-shaped organ under the liver
• What is the function of the gall bladder?

  Stores bile until it is needed
• What is the anus?

  Opening at the lower end of the rectum
• What is the function of the anus?

  Controls the passage of feces from the body
• What are salivary glands?

  Glands in the mouth that produce saliva
• What is the function of saliva?

  Lubricates mouth and throat for swallowing
• What does the pancreas produce?

  Carbohydrase, protease, and lipase
• Where is the pancreas located?

  Between stomach and duodenum on the left side
• How does the pancreas contribute to digestion?

  Enters digestive enzymes into the small intestine
• What are teeth used for?

  Mechanical/physical breakdown of food
• What types of teeth are there?

  Incisors, canines, and molars
• What is the function of molars?

  Crush and grind food into smaller pieces
• What is the liver?

  Large dark red organ made of lobes
• What does the liver produce?

  Bile
• How does bile aid in fat digestion?

  Emulsifies fats into smaller pieces
• What is the role of enzymes in digestion?

  Increase surface area for faster digestion