GENERAL ECOOGY: INTRODUCTION

• Ecology is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environment.
• Ecology was originally coined in 1866 by?

  Ernst Haeckel
• who is Theoprahstus?

  A friend of Aristotle who wrote about the relations between organisms and the environment.
• Carl Ludwig Willdenow?

  • one of the early plant geographers.
• Friedrich Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt?


  He coined the term Plant Association
• Who is Johannes Warming?

  He wrote the first text on Plant Ecology, Plantesamfund.
• R.A Lindeman

  1. He traced "energy-available" relationship within a lake community
  2. In his 1942 paper, "The Tropic-Dynamic Aspect of Ecology", marked the beginning of ecosystem ecology, the study of whole living systems.
• Who is Charles Darwin?

  1. Darwin compared similarities and dissimilarities among organisms with in and among continents. He attributed differences to geological barriers.
  2. He noted how successive groups of plants and animals, distinct yet obviously related, replaced one another.
• Who is Thomas Waltus?

  -Advanced the principle that populations grow

  in a geometric fashion, doubling at regular

  intervals until the outstrip the food supply

  _Ultimately, the population would be

  restrained by a “strong, constantly operating

  force such as sickness and pre mature

  death”.

  -From this concept Darwin developed the idea

  of “ the survival of the fittest” as a

  mechanism of natural selection and

  evolution.
• It stimulated the study of two population in two direction

  Malthusian Theory
• What is population and evolutionary ecology?

  Population Ecology- Concerned with population

  growth (including birth rates and death rates),

  fluctuation, spread, and interactions.

  Evolutionary Ecology- is concerned with the

  natural selection and evolution of populations
• What is physiological ecologyu?

  Concerned with the responses of individual

  organisms to temperature moisture, light, and other

  environmental ecology.