The second Berlin crisis (1958- 1961)

• What did Khrushchev need to put an end to?

  Mass migration from east to west

  Over 3 million choosing to leave for a better life
• What did Khrushchev issue in 1958?

  Berlin ultimatum
• What did the Berlin ultimatum say?

  Gave the western power six months to remove troops from from Berlin and make it a demilitarised city
• What was put in place to try and solved the issue of the Berlin ultimatum?

  summit meetings
• Why was Khrushchev annoyed with America?

  they attempted to cover up the truth about a us spy plane shot down over the Soviet Union
• What did Khrushchev want do to Kennedy?

  He wanted to intimidate him as he was new and inexperienced
• What did Khrushchev want to take full control of?

  Berlin including the west
• What did Khrushchev order in 1961?

  Building of the Berlin Wall
• How was the berlin Wall strengthened while being built?

  • no man’s land
  • Minefields
  • Barbers wire
  • Look out towers
  • Tanks
  • Armed guards
• What did eastern troops build on august 1961?

  Barbed wire fence around Berlin. this would soon be replaced by a 3.6 metre high wall
• what Did kennedy use the wall to do?

  Gain a positive reputation when he visited West Berlin
• When did Kennedy visit Berlin?

  1963
• How much did Kennedy increase his military spending by?

  2 million
• What effect did the Berlin Wall have on families in Berlin?

  Families were torn apart as the wall cut through streets and even buildings
• How did the Berlin Wall impact USA vs USSR relation?

  they were far less likely to improve
• How long did the wall stand for?

  30 years
• what is one positive of the Berlin Wall being built?

  reduced the chance of a nuclear war
• how did the wall being built make Kennedy look?

  Weak as he had no way of preventing it