summary

• Where does photosynthesis occur in plant cells?

  In chlorophyll and chloroplasts
• What is the role of light in photosynthesis?

  It provides energy for the reaction
• What type of reaction is photosynthesis?

  Endothermic reaction
• What is glucose used for in plants?

  For respiration, starch, or fat storage
• What is cellulose used for in plants?

  To produce cell walls
• How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?

  Higher temperature increases the rate until denaturing
• What can limit the rate of photosynthesis?

  Light intensity or CO2 concentration
• What happens if there is plenty of CO2 and warmth but not enough light?

  The rate of photosynthesis will be limited
• What does a graph of photosynthesis rate indicate?

  The x-axis variable is the limiting factor
• How can we measure the rate of photosynthesis?

  By measuring oxygen volume over time
• What is the independent variable in the photosynthesis practical?

  Light intensity
• How does light intensity change with distance?

  It follows an inverse square relationship
• Where does respiration take place in cells?

  In mitochondria
• What is aerobic respiration?

  Respiration that occurs with oxygen
• What is the balanced equation for aerobic respiration?

  Opposite of photosynthesis
• What happens to breathing and heart rate during exercise?

  They increase to deliver more oxygen
• What occurs during anaerobic respiration?

  Glucose is converted into lactic acid
• What is oxygen debt?

  More oxygen needed to break down lactic acid
• What do plant and yeast cells produce during anaerobic respiration?

  Ethanol and carbon dioxide
• What is fermentation?

  Process of anaerobic respiration in yeast
• What is metabolism?

  • Sum of all reactions in a cell or organism
  • Includes respiration and conversion of glucose
  • Involves synthesis of proteins and lipids
• How is glucose used in metabolism?

  Converted into starch, glycogen, or cellulose
• What are amino acids used for in metabolism?

  For protein synthesis
• What are fatty acids and glycerol used for?

  To build up lipids
• What happens to excess proteins in metabolism?

  They are converted into urea