Functional Groups and Naming

• halogenoalkanes

  • functional group -> halogeno
  • fluorine -> fluoro
• alcohols:

  • functional group -> hydroxyl (OH)
  • ending "anol"
• aldehydes:

  • functional group -> carbonyl (CHO)
  • ending "al"
• ketones:

  • functional group -> carbonyl (RCOR)
  • ending "one"
• carboxylic acids:

  • functional group -> carboxyl (COOH)
  • ending "oic acid"
• ester:

  • functional group -> ester (COOR)
  • naming: alcohol ->"yl" , carboxylic acid "oate"
• ethers:

  • functional group -> ether (CH2OCH2)
  • naming: shorter chain "oxy" , longer chain name stays the same
• nitriles:

  • functional group -> nitrile (C triple bond N)
  • ending "nitrile"
• amines:

  • functional group -> amine (N w 3 single bonds)
  • naming "amine"
• amides:

  • functional group -> amide (RCONH2)
  • naming "amide"