Biological

• What is the primary assumption of the biological approach to psychology?

  Everything psychological is at first biological
• Why must we look at biological structures to understand human behavior?

  To fully understand human behaviour
• Where does the mind reside according to the biological perspective?

  The brain
• How do genes influence behavior?

  They contribute to mental processes and behavior
• What is heritability?

  A measure of genetic variation in traits
• Which mental disorders show high heritability?

  Depression and schizophrenia
• What is gene-environment interaction?

  Genes influence behavior based on environment
• What is a limitation of the biological approach regarding reductionism?

  It oversimplifies complex human behavior
• What does determinism imply in the biological approach?

  Genetics alone determine traits and actions
• Which brain structures are responsible for different behaviors?

  Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital lobes
• What does the limbic system influence?

  Emotions, memories, and bodily functions
• What is the role of the nervous system?

  Transmits signals and controls responses
• Name a neurotransmitter that affects mood.

  Dopamine
• How do hormones influence behavior?

  They affect mood and responses to stress
• What role does neurochemistry play in behavior?

  Regulates mood, cognition, and emotional responses
• What is natural selection?

  Traits improving survival become more common
• What are adaptive behaviors?

  Behaviors that increase survival and reproduction
• How might aggression be explained by evolution?

  As strategies for securing resources and mates
• Why are fear responses considered adaptive?

  They evolved to avoid threats in environments
• What is a limitation of evolutionary psychology?

  It may ignore individual choice and culture
• How has the biological approach contributed to drug development?

  Increased understanding of biological processes
• What is biological determinism?

  Behavior is caused by internal biological forces
• What are the implications of biological determinism for the judicial system?

  It challenges moral responsibility for actions
• What is a limitation of twin studies in psychology?

  They cannot differentiate nature from nurture effects
• Why do MZ twins show higher concordance rates?

  They share 100% of their genes
• What is the role of scientific methods in the biological approach?

  They measure biological basis of behavior objectively
• What is a criticism of the biological approach regarding reductionism?

  It simplifies complex behaviors to biology
• What are the key components of the biological approach to psychology?

  • Everything psychological is biological
  • Genes influence behavior
  • Biological structures affect behavior
  • Neurochemistry plays a role in behavior
  • Evolution explains certain behaviors
• What are the strengths and limitations of the biological approach?

  Strengths:

  • Scientific rigor and objective measurement
  • Practical applications in drug development

  
  

  Limitations:

  • Reductionism oversimplifies behavior
  • Determinism ignores individual choice
  • Ethical concerns regarding implications