ATS GCSE Biology - Blood Key words

• electron microscope view

  more detailed image

  
• light microscope view

  far fewer white blood cells are present than red blood cells

  
• hormones

  adrenalineADHthyroxineinsulin glucogoncarried in blood plasma

  
• male hormones

  testosterone

  
• female hormones

  FSHOestrogen LH

  
• soluble products of digestion

  amino acids glucosesimple sugarsfatty acids glycerolcarried in the blood plasma

  
• urine

  urea, excess water and ions are stored in the bladder after being filtered from the blood by the kidneys

  
• kidneys

  filters all the urea from the blood

  
• urea


  waste product produced in the liver from the breakdown of excess amino acids from excess proteins in the diet

  
• haemoglobin


  the red pigment that carries oxygen around the body in the red blood cellsmade from protein

  
• oxyhaemoglobin


  haemoglobin bound to oxygenreversible reaction

  
• transported in the plasma

  carbon dioxide ureasoluble products of digestionhormones enzymesdrugs

  
• phagocytes


  white blood cells which engulf and ingest invading bacteria and viruses

  
• lymphocytes


  white blood cells which form antibodies and antitoxins

  
• white blood cells

  immune cells engulf pathogensmake antitoxins and antibodies

  
• scab


  dried clot which has hardened protects new skin as it grows and stops bacteria entering the body through the wound

  
• blood clotting


  is a series of enzyme controlled reactions that result in producing a network of protein fibres that capture lots of red blood cells

  
• platelets

  fragments of cells in the blood that play a vital role in clotting at the site of a woundno nucleus

  
• no nucleus


  makes more space for haemoglobinred blood cell adaptation

  
• biconcave disc


  increases surface area to volume ratio for diffusionred blood cell adaptation

  
• red blood cells

  biconcave cells that contain haemoglobincarry oxygen

  
• plasma


  the clear yellow liquid part of the bloodcarries dissolved substances and blood cells

  
• blood


  is a tissue consisting of plasma in which the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are suspended