Science

• Electricity is the flow of charges whereby energy is transferred
• Three particles that make up an atom are protons (positive), neutrons (neutral), and electrons (negative)
• Electricity comes from power stations and electric cells
• Electric current is the continuous flow of electric charges
• If the switch is off, it means no current
• If the switch is on, it means there is a current
• Symbol for current is capital letter I
• The unit for current is A
• 1 mA = 0.001 A
• 1A = 1,000 mA
• Ampere is named after French physicist Andre-Marie Ampere
• Ammeter is used to measure the amount of current
• Voltage is the force (pressure) that causes current to flow
• Voltage is a measure of how much energy the electrons receive
• Potential Difference is the difference between two locations
• Potential Difference flows from high to low potential energy
• Alessandro Volta is the inventor of electric battery
• Voltage is measured using a voltmeter
• Symbol for voltage is V
• The unit for voltage is V
• Volt is named after Italian physicist Alessandro Volta
• Load is any component in a circuit that converts electricity into light, heat, etc
• Resistance is the opposition of current to flow
• Resistors are components that create resistance
• Reducing current causes the bulb to become more dim
• The symbol for resistance is R
• The unit for resistance is called ohms (Ω) or ohm
• Ohmmeter measures the amount of ohms
• Ohms is named after a German physicist Georg Simon Ohm
• Ohm's Law states that the current of an object is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance
• The greater the voltage = greater current
• The greater resistance = less current
• Electric circuit is any arrangement of circuit components in a loop
• Series Circuit - all parts are connected end-to-end, only one pathway for electricity to flow through
• Parallel Circuit - multiple paths for electricity to travel through
• Electrical wire: rod of metal through which electric current flows
• Lamp/light bulb: a load that uses electric current to emanate light
• Resistor: a device that resists the flow of current
• Variable Resistor: a resistor whose electrical resistance can be adjusted
• Battery: consists of two or more electrochemical cells