The cognitive approach

• What does the cognitive approach study?

  Mental processes like perception and memory
• Why are inferences made in cognitive psychology?

  Because mental processes cannot be directly observed
• How do cognitive psychologists study mental processes?

  By making inferences based on behavior
• What are the stages of the information processing approach?

  • Input
  • Storage
  • Retrieval
• What do computer models do in cognitive psychology?

  Imitate the human mind for testing ideas
• What is a schema in cognitive psychology?

  A mental framework for organizing information
• How are schemas developed?

  Through experience and information gathering
• What role do schemas play in cognition?

  They help interpret incoming information
• What are babies born with in terms of schemas?

  Simple schemas for innate behaviors
• How do schemas evolve as we grow?

  They become more detailed and sophisticated
• What is cognitive neuroscience?

  • Study of brain structures' influence on cognition
  • Combines neuroscience and cognitive psychology
  • Advances in brain studies enhance understanding of mental processes
• What has research shown about memory in cognitive neuroscience?

  Different types of memories are located in specific brain areas
• What have scanning techniques contributed to cognitive neuroscience?

  They help establish neurological bases for disorders
• What are the strengths of the cognitive approach?

  • Scientific basis enhances credibility
  • Applications in psychology and technology
  • Advances in AI and robotics
• What are the limitations of the cognitive approach?

  • Lacks external validity
  • Relies on artificial stimuli in research
  • May misinterpret mental processes from observable behavior
• Why is external validity a concern in cognitive psychology?

  Because findings may not apply to real-world situations
• What type of stimuli is often used in cognitive research?

  Artificial stimuli