English

• Refers to written material such as poetry, novels, essays, etc., especially

  works of imagination characterized by excellence of styles and expression and by themes

  of general and enduring interest.

  Literature
• Refers to the time and place the story happens.

  Setting
• Refers to the person or sometimes animal that takes part in the action of

  short story or other literary work.

  Character
• It is the sequence of events or incidents that happen in a play or story. Under

  Freytag’s Pyramid, the plot of a story is consists of five parts (Exposition, Rising Action, Climax, Falling Action, Resolution)

  Plot
• It is the central idea of a story, or the lesson or message the author

  wants to convey to the reader. It is usually an abstract, universal idea about

  human condition, society or life.


  Theme
• It refers to the words spoken by the characters which helps move the action

  of the story or play. It is through the dialogue delivered by the character that the story

  is understood. The words used, the accent, the pronunciation, pauses, and tone say

  something about the character not just his traits but also his status in life.

  Dialogue
• This is the part where the characters and setting is introduced.

  Exposition
• It is the event leading from the conflict to the climax.

  Rising Action
• It is the most intense part and the turning point in the action/play/story.

  Climax
• It is the event following the climax before resolution.

  Falling Action
• It is the action of solving the problem, dispute, or controversial manner.

  Resolution
• VUCA stands for...

  Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, Ambiguous
• This type of text is written to inform or update the reader about a particular

  topic. Factual articles that are found in academic journals and science or history

  books are the usual sources of this kind of texts.

  Informative Text
• This kind of text states news and factual events. In a sense, it is also

  informative. The only difference is that authors/journalists usually write in short and

  straight to the point sentences and paragraphs.

  Journalistic Text
• In this type of text, a reader is entertained through creative pieces as poems

  and stories. It is usually fictional or based on imagination and not factual.

  Literary Text
• A social issue is a problem that influences many citizens in a society. Rate

  of population, economic stability, values, education, and religion are a few of the

  important factors in social problems.
• Poverty is an issue which is the state of being extremely poor.
• This refers to a population which is more than the size the society

  can support.

  Overpopulation
• This refers to the unequal opportunities and rewards for different social

  groups in society.

  Social Inequality
• The state where a number of people do not have a job to

  provide for self and family.

  Unemployment
• The employment of a child in a business or industry which

  deprives them of their rights.

  Child Labor