Skeletal System

• The axial skeleton protects the delicate organs in the body.
• The appendicular skeleton provides support and aids the body in movement.
• The axial skeleton is composed of bones that protect, like the skull, backbone, breastbone, and ribs.
• Attached to the skull is the backbone or spinal column. It is made up of irregularly shaped hollow bones called vertebrae
• The breastbone is a long flat bone at the middle of the chest. It is attached to the ribs.
• The appendicular skeleton is composed of bones that aid movement. These include the collarbones, the shoulder blades, and the bones of the arm, legs, and hipps.
• The bones that protude at the base of the neck are collarbones. They are attached to triangular bones called shoulder blades. Both bones stabilize the rib cage and connect the shoulders to the arms.
• The arm has three bones, one in the upper and and two in the lower arm. Each hand also has several bones for the fingers and palm. The same can be said for the leg. It has one long one in the upper leg, as well as two bones in the lower leg.
• Between the lower and upper leg is the kneecap.
• Just below the waist, you can fell the hipbone which connects the backbone and the legs.
• A joint is formed when two bones connect.
• Some bones have their ends coated with a smooth and slippery tissue. This fibrous tissue is called cartilage. It functions as a shock absorber and it also acts as a cushion between two bones and helps the joints move.
• What is the movement of a gliding joint?


  sliding bones over each other
• What is the movement of a ball and socket joint?


  free movement in all directions
• what is the movement of a saddle joint?


  tilting in several direction
• There is an oil-like fluid at the end of the bones called synovial fluid, that lubricates the bones.
• Ligaments are made of very thick and elastic material, making them tough. They can stretch when the bones move. The bones do not seperate even if they do a lot of movement because they hold them together.
• What is the movement of a pivot joint?


  limited movement, turning right to left