carbohydrates

• all contain the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
• carbohydrates are polymers of monosaccharides
• monosaccharides - glucose, galactose, fructose
• condensation joins monosaccharides together, and a glycosidic bond is formed
• a disaccharide is formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides
• sucrose is formed from a condensation reaction between glucose and fructose
• lactose is formed from a condensation reaction between glucose and glactose
• maltose is formed from a condensation reaction between two glucose molecules
• hydrolysis reactions break polymers apart
• hydrolysis reaction breaks a chemical bond between monomers by using a water molecule
• carbohydrates can be broken down into their monosaccharides via a hydrolysis reaction