Week 3

• Electric current is represented by the symbol I. The unit used to express current is ampere (A). One ampere (A) of current is equivalent to one coulomb (C) of charge passing through a given point of a wire every one second of time.
• A charge has a potential energy due to the force exerted by the electric field. The charge flows when there is a difference in electrical potential between two points in a circuit. The direction of flow is from a place of higher potential to a place of lower potential.
• The relationship between current, voltage, and resistance is illustrated in Ohm’s law. It states that the flowing current in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance.
• What is an electric circuit?

  A closed loop through which electric current flows
• What is the role of a switch in an electric circuit?

  To control the flow of electricity by opening or closing the circuit
• Which component in a circuit resists the flow of electrical current?

  Resistor
• What is the unit of measurement for electric current?

  Amperes
• What is the term for a circuit with only one pathway for current to flow?

  Series circuit
• What happens to the brightness of bulbs in a series circuit if more bulbs are added?

  They become dimmer
• What is the total voltage in a series circuit?

  The sum of the individual voltages
• In a parallel circuit, how are the voltage and current distributed?

  Current is the same across all components, while voltage varies
• What component is used to store electrical energy in a circuit?

  Capacitor
• What happens to the total resistance in a parallel circuit as more resistors are added?

  It decreases
• What is the function of a fuse in an electrical circuit?

  To protect against overcurrent
• What happens to the total resistance in a series circuit as more resistors are added?

  It increases
• What is the term for the measure of the opposition to the flow of electric current in a circuit?

  Resistance
• Conductors and Insulators: Materials categorized based on their ability to conduct electricity.
• Semiconductors: Materials with electrical conductivity between conductors and insulators, crucial in the electronics industry for making transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits.