KB4: Colonisation in North America

• Why did English sailors attack Spanish ships in the Caribbean in the 16th century?

  To take their treasures.
• Give two reasons why the English colonised North America:

  • For profit
  • To send criminals to
• What was the name of Raleigh’s first colony in America?

  Roanoke, Virginia
• Which legendary city did Raleigh set out to discover?

  El Dorado
• Which part of S. America did Raleigh explore?

  Guyana
• What was the name of the first permanent English colony in America?

  Jamestown
• Why did the Jamestown colonists and the Powhatans go to war?

  Settlers began to expand outside the Jamestown fort, into Powhatan land.
• Why did the Pilgrim Fathers migrate to America?

  Religious freedom from the Church of England.
• What document did the Pilgrim Fathers sign when they arrived in America?

  Mayflower Compact
• What was the main agreement in the Mayflower Compact?

  Democracy over the major issues of the colony
• Why was the Mayflower Compact important?

  Many consider it to be the origin of American democracy.
• Briefly describe the relationship between the Pilgrim Fathers and the Wampanoag:

  The Wampanoag taught the Pilgrims how to grow and harvest food.

  They held a feast together, which is now celebrated as Thanksgiving.
• Why was the colonisation of N. America bad for the indigenous people?

  • Disease
  • Disputes over land and resources
• How many English migrants arrived in Massachusetts by 1640?

  20000
• Which other countries were also sending migrants to N. America?

  Netherlands and France
• How many colonies did England have on the coast of N. America?

  13
• Give two of the ‘liberties’ enjoyed by English colonists in the thirteen colonies:

  • Trial with a fair jury
  • Freedom from the Catholic Church
• With whom did Britain fight in the Seven Years’ War?

  France
• What did Britain gain from France after the Seven Years’ War?

  • Canada
  • Lands in the Caribbean
  • Lands in India
• Why were the Navigation Acts a cause of resentment for the American colonists?

  American colonies could only trade with British ships, so they lost out on trade.
• Why did many many American colonists become smugglers?

  To receive goods cheaper than what the British were selling them at.
• Why was the Stamp Act a cause of resentment for the American colonists?

  Taxation without representation: they were being taxed without being represented in Parliament.
• How many colonist were killed in the Boston Massacre?

  5
• What did the British do to try to encourage the American colonists to buy East India Company tea?

  Reduced taxes on Indian tea.
• What was the name given to the American colonists that fought on the side of the British in the War of Independance?

  Loyalists
• What was the name given to the American colonists that fought against the British in the War of Independence?

  Patriots
• Which nationality of troops did the British use which angered the American colonist even more?

  German
• Which country supported the American colonists against the British?

  France
• How much did the American War of Independence cost for Britain?

  80 million pounds
• What had Britain developed by 1813?

  The world’s largest navy.
• After the War of Independence, in which country were many loyalists given land?

  Canada
• Give one lesson that the British learnt from the loss of the American colonies:

  Treat the colonies better
• What nationality of colonists rebelled in Canada against British rule?

  French (Quebec)
• To which country did Britain send it’s convicts after it lost the American colonies?

  Australia