active transport

• What is the main function of root hair cells?


  Root hair cells are specialized plant cells that extend outward into the soil to maximize **absorption** of water and minerals.
• What is the role of active transport in root hair cells?


  Active transport enables root hair cells to absorb mineral ions against their **concentration gradient**, using energy in the form of **ATP** and specialized transport proteins.
• What adaptations do root hair cells have for mineral absorption?


  Root hair cells have adaptations such as long, hair-like extensions, thin cell walls and membranes, numerous **mitochondria**, and large vacuoles to increase surface area and facilitate efficient mineral absorption.
• Why are long, hair-like extensions important for root hair cells?


  Long, hair-like extensions increase the **surface area** of root hair cells, allowing for more efficient absorption of water and minerals from the soil.
• What is the role of mitochondria in root hair cells?


  To provide **ATP energy** for **active transport**.
• What is active transport in root hair cells?


  The process of moving minerals against their concentration gradient using **ATP** and **transport proteins**.
• What is the function of the cell membrane in root hair cells?


  To regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell through **transport proteins**.
• What is the main function of root hair cells?


  To increase the surface area of the root for **water** and **mineral absorption**.