7.1 Types of Research Methods

• Primary research involves analyzing data that already exists.

  False
• Order the following qualitative research methods from least to most structured:

  1️⃣ Ethnography

  2️⃣ Focus Groups

  3️⃣ Case Studies
• Quantitative research methods in sociology involve collecting numerical data and using **statistical analysis
• Quantitative research provides objective, generalizable findings but may lack depth.


  True
• Primary research involves collecting data directly through methods like interviews, surveys, observations, and experiments
• Qualitative and quantitative methods are complementary in sociological research.

  True
• Primary research involves collecting data directly through methods like interviews
• Research methods in sociology refer to the techniques and procedures used to **collect and analyze data
• Match the type of research with its example:

  Primary Research ↔️ Conducting a survey on attitudes

  Secondary Research ↔️ Analyzing census data
• Qualitative research provides generalizable findings but may lack depth.

  False
• Match the quantitative research method with its description:

  Surveys ↔️ Structured questionnaires with closed-ended questions

  Experiments ↔️ Controlled studies to establish cause-and-effect
• Match the aspect with the research method:

  Data in qualitative research ↔️ In-depth, non-numerical

  Data in quantitative research ↔️ Numerical
• What are research methods in sociology used for?

  Collecting and analyzing data
• Primary research generates new data, while secondary research analyzes existing data.

  True
• Secondary research uses sources like books, journals, and databases
• What type of data is collected in qualitative research methods?

  Non-numerical data
• In-depth, open-ended questions are used in interviews
• Ethnography involves observing people in their natural environments over time.


  True
• What is the purpose of focus groups in qualitative research?

  Explore attitudes and behaviors
• Qualitative research provides rich, contextual data, but the findings may not be generalizable.


  True
• Surveys in quantitative research use structured questionnaires with closed-ended questions.
• What is the primary goal of experiments in quantitative research?

  Establish cause-and-effect relationships
• Qualitative and quantitative methods are complementary and can provide a more comprehensive understanding of social phenomena.

  True
• Match the aspect with the correct research method:

  Data ↔️ Numerical data

  Methods ↔️ Surveys, experiments, secondary data analysis

  Analysis ↔️ Statistical analysis
• Ethnographic studies involve observing cultural practices and behaviors over time.


  True
• Experiments in quantitative research establish cause-and-effect relationships.
• Secondary data analysis involves using existing datasets to identify trends.


  True
• What is the definition of secondary research in sociology?

  Analyzing existing data
• Both primary and secondary research methods are essential in sociological studies.

  True
• A case study involves intensive analysis of a single or a small number of cases
• What type of data is collected in quantitative research methods?

  Numerical data
• Quantitative research methods use statistical analysis to test hypotheses.


  True
• Quantitative research may lack the depth and context of qualitative research.
• Match the aspect with the correct research method:

  Data ↔️ In-depth, non-numerical data

  Methods ↔️ Interviews, focus groups, ethnography

  Analysis ↔️ Thematic analysis
• Interviews in qualitative research use open-ended questions to gain detailed insights.
• What type of questions are used in surveys in quantitative research?

  Closed-ended questions