6.3.2 Theories of Evolution

• What is the key mechanism driving evolution according to Darwin's theory?

  Natural selection
• Competition for resources is a key principle of natural selection.


  True
• Lamarck's theory proposed that traits acquired during an organism's lifetime could be passed on to its offspring
• Darwin's theory of natural selection emphasizes inherited genetic variations.


  True
• What is the key mechanism proposed by Darwin to explain how species evolve?

  Natural selection
• Natural selection contrasts with Lamarck's theory of acquired characteristics
• Match the principle of Darwin's theory with its description:

  Variation ↔️ Individuals within a population exhibit different traits

  Competition ↔️ Individuals compete for limited resources

  Adaptation ↔️ Traits better suited to the environment increase survival

  Inheritance ↔️ Beneficial traits are passed to offspring
• Darwin's theory built upon the understanding of genetics to explain trait inheritance.


  True
• The geographical distribution of species aligns with Darwin's principle of biogeography
• Comparative anatomy examines similarities in anatomical structures across species to suggest common origins.


  True
• What is the mechanism that drives evolution according to Darwin's theory?

  Natural selection
• Match the principle with the corresponding scientist:

  Acquired traits passed on ↔️ Lamarck

  Inherited genetic variations ↔️ Darwin
• Darwin's theory emphasizes the role of inherited genetic variations
• Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is in contrast to Lamarck's theory of acquired characteristics
• Individuals with traits better suited to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce
• Match the principle of Lamarck's and Darwin's theories with their corresponding mechanism.

  Lamarck ↔️ Acquired traits passed on

  Darwin ↔️ Inherited genetic variations
• Biogeography studies the geographical distribution of species to align with predictions of common ancestry.


  True
• The Modern Synthesis combines Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection with genetics and population biology.

  True
• Arrange the key principles of the Modern Synthesis in the correct order.

  1️⃣ Variation

  2️⃣ Inheritance

  3️⃣ Selection

  4️⃣ Speciation
• Lamarck's theory proposed that acquired traits are passed directly to offspring.


  True
• Individuals within a population exhibit a range of different traits
• Who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?

  Charles Darwin
• Match the scientist with their contribution:

  Lamarck ↔️ Acquired traits

  Darwin ↔️ Natural selection
• Lamarck's theory contrasts with Darwin's theory, which emphasizes inherited genetic variations
• Who first outlined the principles of natural selection?

  Charles Darwin
• Darwin's theory proposes that evolution occurs through gradual changes driven by natural selection.


  True
• Arrange the principles of Darwin's theory in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Variation

  2️⃣ Competition

  3️⃣ Adaptation

  4️⃣ Inheritance
• What does the fossil record provide evidence for in Darwin's theory?

  Evolution over geological time
• Match the evidence supporting Darwin's theory with its description:

  Fossil Record ↔️ Shows succession of organisms over time

  Biogeography ↔️ Closely related species in same regions
• The study of embryonic development, called embryology, supports shared evolutionary relationships.
• Lamarck's theory emphasized the inheritance of acquired traits, while Darwin focused on inherited genetic variations.

  True
• What is the central idea of Lamarck's theory of acquired characteristics?

  Acquired traits can be inherited
• What understanding of genetics did Darwin's theory build upon?

  How advantageous traits are inherited
• Individuals within a population exhibit a range of different heritable traits, which is called variation.

  True
• Arrange the key principles of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection in the correct order.

  1️⃣ Variation

  2️⃣ Competition

  3️⃣ Adaptation

  4️⃣ Inheritance
• The fossil record provides evidence for evolution by showing a succession of organisms over geological time
• Comparative anatomy shows similarities in anatomical structures to suggest common evolutionary origins
• Genetic variations within populations arise due to mutations and genetic recombination
• Natural selection acts on genetic variations within a population, favoring those that enhance survival and reproduction