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Module 6: Organic Chemistry and Analysis
6.3 Nitrogen Compounds
6.3.1 Amines
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Amines are structurally similar to ammonia but have hydrogen atoms replaced by alkyl or
aryl
groups.
True
What type of substituents are found in amines?
Alkyl or aryl groups
The number of substituents on the nitrogen atom in
amines
affects their chemical properties.
True
Match the type of amine with its definition:
Primary Amine ↔️ One alkyl or aryl group attached to nitrogen
Secondary Amine ↔️ Two alkyl or aryl groups attached to nitrogen
Tertiary Amine ↔️ Three alkyl or aryl groups attached to nitrogen
What is an example of a secondary amine according to its nomenclature?
Dimethylamine
Steps to name the tertiary amine `(CH3)3-N`
1️⃣ Identify it as a tertiary amine
2️⃣ Name the three methyl groups
3️⃣ Add "amine" to the end
4️⃣ The name is Trimethylamine
Boiling points of amines are higher than alkanes but lower than
alcohols
.
True
Match the amine type with its naming convention:
Primary Amine ↔️ Name the alkyl group followed by "amine"
Secondary Amine ↔️ Name the two alkyl groups prefixed by "N-" followed by "amine"
Tertiary Amine ↔️ Name the three alkyl groups prefixed by "N-" followed by "amine"
Amines are soluble in water if they have small alkyl groups
True
Most amines have a characteristic ammonia-like
odor
The lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom makes amines nucleophilic, allowing them to participate in substitution
reactions
Many drugs contain amine groups for their biological
activity
Order the applications of amines based on their primary benefits:
1️⃣ Pharmaceuticals for biological activity
2️⃣ Dyes for vibrant colors
3️⃣ Cosmetics for stability and color
4️⃣ Plastics for strength and durability
5️⃣ Agricultural Chemicals for crop protection
What is the key structural feature of amines?
Nitrogen atom with lone pair
The general formula for a primary amine is
R-NH2
A primary amine has one alkyl or aryl group attached to the
nitrogen
What is an example of a primary amine?
Methylamine
The naming convention for primary amines involves naming the alkyl or aryl group followed by the word
amine
To name a tertiary amine, you name all three
alkyl
or aryl groups and add "amine" at the end.
True
What is the characteristic odor of most amines?
Ammonia-like
Amines are soluble in water if they have small
alkyl
groups.
The nitrogen atom in an amine has a lone pair of
electrons
Amines are classified based on the number of alkyl or aryl groups attached to the
nitrogen
atom
True
The number of substituents in an
amine
affects its reactivity and physical properties
True
For mixed substituents in naming amines, they should be listed
alphabetically
The boiling points of amines are higher than alkanes but lower than
alcohols
Amines are basic compounds due to the lone pair of electrons on the
nitrogen
atom
True
Match the property of amines with its explanation:
Basicity ↔️ Lone pair of electrons on nitrogen
Nucleophilicity ↔️ Lone pair allows substitution reactions
Reactivity with Acids ↔️ Forms ammonium salts
Amines are used in
cosmetics
to add stability and color
True
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