6.3.1 The Work of Mendel

• What is the purpose of Punnett Squares in genetics?

  Predict offspring genotypes
• In Punnett Squares, dominant alleles are represented by uppercase letters.
• Steps to construct a Punnett Square:

  1️⃣ Define Alleles

  2️⃣ Determine Parental Genotypes

  3️⃣ Set Up the Grid

  4️⃣ Fill in the Square

  5️⃣ Analyze the Results
• A monohybrid cross involves one gene with two alleles.

  True
• How many genes are involved in a dihybrid cross?

  Two
• The observable physical characteristic of an organism is called its phenotype.
• What was Gregor Mendel's profession?

  Augustinian monk
• What does the Principle of Segregation state?

  Allele pairs separate during gamete formation
• Dominant alleles are always expressed in heterozygous individuals


  True
• Match the principle with its description:

  Principle of Segregation ↔️ Allele pairs separate during gamete formation

  Principle of Dominance ↔️ Dominant alleles mask recessive alleles

  Principle of Independent Assortment ↔️ Allele pairs segregate independently
• What type of organisms did Mendel use in his experiments?

  Pea plants
• The Principle of Segregation states that each allele pair separates during gamete formation
• Which principle states that allele pairs segregate independently during gamete formation?

  Independent Assortment
• The Principle of Segregation explains that offspring inherit one allele from each parent.
• Match Mendel's experimental principles with their descriptions:

  Principle of Segregation ↔️ Allele pairs separate during gamete formation

  Principle of Dominance ↔️ Dominant alleles mask recessive alleles

  Principle of Independent Assortment ↔️ Allele pairs segregate independently
• What happens to allele pairs during gamete formation according to the Principle of Segregation?

  They separate
• In heterozygous individuals, dominant alleles mask recessive alleles.
• Steps to construct a monohybrid Punnett Square:

  1️⃣ Define the Alleles

  2️⃣ Determine Parental Genotypes

  3️⃣ Set Up the Punnett Square

  4️⃣ Fill in the Square
• In a monohybrid cross with RR and rr parents, all offspring have the genotype Rr.


  True
• In a monohybrid cross with RR and rr parents, all offspring express the dominant trait.

  True
• Mendel's Principle of Segregation states that each allele pair separates during gamete formation
• Recessive alleles are always masked by dominant alleles in heterozygous individuals.


  True
• What does Mendel's Principle of Independent Assortment describe?

  Allele pairs segregate independently
• Allele pairs segregate independently during gamete formation according to the Principle of Independent Assortment.


  True
• What did Gregor Mendel use in his experiments to study inheritance?

  Pea plants
• Match Mendel's principles with his experimental observations:

  1️⃣ Cross-breeding Pea Plants

  2️⃣ Principle of Segregation

  3️⃣ Tracking Traits

  4️⃣ Principle of Dominance
• Offspring inherit one allele from each parent as stated by the Principle of Segregation.


  True
• What is the key process described by the Principle of Segregation during gamete formation?

  Allele pair separation
• The Law of Independent Assortment states that alleles for different genes segregate independently during gamete formation.
• Gregor Mendel studied the inheritance of traits by cross-breeding different varieties of pea plants
• The Principle of Independent Assortment states that allele pairs segregate independently of each other
• Offspring inherit one allele from each parent due to the Principle of Segregation

  True
• During gamete formation, each allele pair separates, as stated in the Principle of Segregation
• Gregor Mendel was an Augustinian monk
• What did Gregor Mendel use in his experiments to study inheritance?

  Pea plants
• Dominant alleles mask recessive alleles in heterozygous individuals.


  True
• Mendel's observations led to the establishment of three key principles of inheritance.


  True
• What happens to allele pairs during gamete formation according to the Principle of Segregation?

  They separate
• Dominant alleles are expressed in heterozygous individuals because they mask recessive alleles.
• Mendel's choice of pea plants allowed him to control breeding and analyze inheritance patterns effectively.


  True