6.5 Social Mobility

• What is social mobility?

  Movement between social positions
• Horizontal mobility involves a change in social class

  False
• Intergenerational mobility refers to changes in social class between generations
• How does intragenerational mobility differ from intergenerational mobility?

  Occurs within a lifetime
• Match the factors affecting social mobility with their impact:

  Education ↔️ Higher education opens career opportunities

  Family Background ↔️ Advantaged families facilitate mobility

  Social Networks ↔️ Connections provide access to opportunities

  Economic Opportunities ↔️ Job availability enables upward mobility
• What is the defining characteristic of horizontal social mobility?

  Movement within the same class
• Intergenerational mobility compares social positions across generations
• Intergenerational mobility compares social positions across family generations.

  True
• Vertical mobility involves moving within the same social class.

  False
• What is an example of horizontal mobility?

  Switching schools as a teacher
• What is an example of intragenerational mobility?

  Starting as a clerk and becoming CEO
• A higher socioeconomic family background can provide advantages for upward mobility.
• Well-paying jobs and economic growth are key economic opportunities that can impact upward mobility.
• Downward mobility refers to moving to a lower social class or position.
• Horizontal mobility involves moving within the same social class or position.


  True
• How does education influence social mobility in the UK?

  Opens up more career opportunities
• Social networks can help individuals access information and opportunities for advancement.


  True
• What is an example of a policy aimed at improving access to education in the UK?

  Free schooling
• What is an example of a policy aimed at providing social welfare support in the UK?

  Minimum wage
• What is the purpose of diversity initiatives in the workplace in the UK?

  Create a more level playing field
• What are some policies that provide social welfare support to lift people out of poverty?

  Minimum wage, tax credits, housing benefits
• Match the factor with its impact on social mobility:

  Socioeconomic Background ↔️ Greater barriers due to lack of resources

  Education ↔️ Unequal access limits job opportunities

  Discrimination ↔️ Creates unfair obstacles to advancement

  Economic Conditions ↔️ Stagnation reduces mobility pathways
• Upward social mobility involves moving to a higher social class
• Social mobility can involve changes in an individual's occupation or status within society.

  True
• Intergenerational social mobility compares social positions across family generations
• What is an example of intragenerational social mobility?

  Starting as a clerk and becoming CEO
• Higher levels of education can enable upward social mobility by opening up more career opportunities
• Patterns of social mobility in the UK are influenced by education, family background, social networks, and economic opportunities.


  True
• What is the purpose of government-funded vocational training programs?

  Provide pathways for upward mobility
• What is one initiative to improve access to education in the UK?

  Student loans
• Measures to reduce residential segregation encourage social mixing.


  True
• Disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds create barriers to upward mobility
• Discrimination based on race or gender can hinder social mobility.

  True
• What are two ways that policies can facilitate greater social mobility?

  Address persistent inequalities
• Marxists believe the capitalist system perpetuates inequality.


  True
• Weber argued that social mobility depends on access to resources and opportunities
• An example of upward social mobility is a factory worker becoming a manager
• What is vertical social mobility?

  Change in social class
• Intragenerational mobility occurs within a person's lifetime


  True
• Order the types of social mobility based on direction:

  1️⃣ Upward

  2️⃣ Downward

  3️⃣ Horizontal

  4️⃣ Vertical