IUPAC

• Methyl (Me)

  
• Ethyl (Et)--CH2CH3

  
• Butyl (Bu) --CH2CH2CH2CH3

  
• 2-Methylpropyl (isobutyl; iBu)

  
• 1-Methylpropy; (sec-butyl;s-Bu)

  
• 1,1-Dimethylethyl (tert-butyl, t-Bu)

  
• Different groups of Butyl groups: isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl

  
• Pentyl -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3

  
• 3-Methylbutyl (isopentyl)

  
• 2-Methylbutyl group

  
• 2,2-Dimethylpropyl group (neopentyl)

  
• Me: 1
• Ethyl: 2
• Pro: 3
• Butyl: 4
• Pentyl : 5
• Propyl (Pr) -- CH2CH2CH3
• 1-Methylethyl (isopropyl, iPr)

  
• Prefix: indicates the number of carbon atoms in parent chain
• meth-: 1 carbon
• eth-: 2 carbon
• prop-: 3 carbon
• but-:4 carbon
• pent-:5 carbon
• hex-: 6 carbons
• hept-:7 carbon
• oct-: 8 cabron
• non-: 9 carbon
• dec-: 10 carbon
• Infix: indicates the nature of carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain
• -an-: all single bonds (c-c)
• -en-: 1+ double bonds (c=c)
• -yn-: 1+ triple bonds
• Suffix: indicates the class of compound which substances belong
• -e: hydrocarbon
• -ol: alcohol
• -al: aldehye (at the end of the carbon chain, c=o)
• -amine: amine (formally derivatives of ammonia (NH 3), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group)
• -one: ketone (within the carbon chain in the parent chain, there is a c=o)
• -oic acid: carboxylic acid