12.2.1 Understanding wave-particle duality

• What type of behavior do wave-like properties exhibit in wave-particle duality?

  Diffraction and interference
• What effect did Albert Einstein use to demonstrate the particle-like behavior of light?

  Photoelectric effect
• The shift from classical physics to quantum mechanics was driven by the idea that particles can exhibit wave-like behaviors.


  True
• Which scientist proposed the hypothesis of matter waves?

  Louis de Broglie
• Wave-particle duality is fundamental to understanding the dual nature of subatomic particles.

  True
• What observation in the double-slit experiment demonstrates the wave-like behavior of electrons?

  Interference pattern
• The photoelectric effect shows that light ejects electrons from a metal surface when it consists of discrete packets of energy called photons
• What is observed on the screen behind the barrier in the double-slit experiment?

  Interference pattern
• Who discovered the photoelectric effect?

  Albert Einstein
• Arrange the following scientists in chronological order based on their contributions to wave-particle duality:

  1️⃣ Max Planck

  2️⃣ Albert Einstein

  3️⃣ Louis de Broglie

  4️⃣ Niels Bohr
• In Bohr's model, electrons can only occupy specific energy levels
• What principle states that an electron can behave as a wave or a particle, but not both simultaneously?

  Complementarity principle
• Wave-particle duality refers to the concept that subatomic particles, such as electrons and photons, can exhibit both wave-like properties and particle-like properties under different conditions
• Particle-like properties in wave-particle duality involve continuous energy distribution.

  False
• Max Planck laid the foundation for quantum mechanics by showing that energy is emitted in discrete packets called quanta
• Match the scientist with their contribution to wave-particle duality:

  Albert Einstein ↔️ Photoelectric effect

  Louis de Broglie ↔️ Hypothesis of matter waves

  Niels Bohr ↔️ Bohr model of the atom
• Wave-particle duality is observed in the double-slit experiment for electrons and the photoelectric effect for photons
• Match the scientist with their contribution to wave-particle duality:

  Max Planck ↔️ Quantization of energy

  Albert Einstein ↔️ Photoelectric effect

  Niels Bohr ↔️ Bohr model of the atom
• The double-slit experiment and the photoelectric effect provide strong experimental evidence supporting the concept of wave-particle duality
• The photoelectric effect demonstrates that light consists of discrete packets of energy called photons.


  True
• The double-slit experiment provides evidence for the wave-like behavior of electrons.


  True
• The interference pattern in the double-slit experiment suggests electrons exhibit wave-like properties
• The double-slit experiment and the photoelectric effect are unrelated phenomena.

  False
• What is the particle-like unit of light called?

  Photon
• Bohr suggested that electrons have wave-like properties.

  True
• Electrons in atoms can only occupy specific energy levels
• Bohr's model fully explained the wave-particle duality of electrons in all atoms.

  False
• Subatomic particles exhibit definite momentum and position
• What are the two fundamental experiments that support wave-particle duality?

  Double-slit and photoelectric effect
• In the double-slit experiment, the interference pattern on the screen indicates that electrons exhibit wave-like properties
• The photoelectric effect demonstrates that light consists of photons with discrete energies, which is particle-like behavior.


  True
• What did Bohr's model of the atom help reconcile regarding wave-particle duality?

  Electron behavior
• Bohr's model shows that electrons can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties simultaneously, aligning with the wave-particle duality
• The energy of a particle in wave-particle duality is represented by the frequency of its wave function.


  True
• Which principle states that a particle can behave as either a wave or a particle, but not both simultaneously?

  Complementarity principle
• Match the implication of wave-particle duality with its description:

  Uncertainty Principle ↔️ Position and momentum cannot be measured simultaneously

  Probabilistic Nature ↔️ Wave function represents probability

  Complementarity Principle ↔️ Particles behave as either waves or particles
• Match the property of an electron with its corresponding wave-like or particle-like behavior in Bohr's model:

  Quantized energy levels ↔️ Wave-like behavior

  Circular orbits ↔️ Particle-like behavior
• What phenomena demonstrate wave-particle duality for photons and electrons?

  Double-slit and photoelectric effect
• Match the scientist with their contribution to the understanding of wave-particle duality:

  Max Planck ↔️ Quantization of energy

  Albert Einstein ↔️ Photoelectric effect

  Louis de Broglie ↔️ Hypothesis of matter waves

  Niels Bohr ↔️ Atomic model with quantized levels
• In the double-slit experiment, electrons create an interference pattern, indicating wave-like behavior.


  True