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Unit 5: Homeostasis and Response
5.3 Hormonal Coordination in Humans
5.3.5 The Menstrual Cycle
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The menstrual cycle prepares the uterus for
pregnancy
Match the phases of the menstrual cycle with their key events:
Menstrual ↔️ Shedding of the uterine lining
Follicular ↔️ Maturation of an egg in the ovary
Ovulation ↔️ Release of the mature egg
Luteal ↔️ Preparation of the uterine lining for pregnancy
Ovulation typically occurs around day 14 of the
menstrual cycle
.
True
Arrange the phases of the menstrual cycle in chronological order:
1️⃣ Menstrual
2️⃣ Follicular
3️⃣ Ovulation
4️⃣ Luteal
The luteal phase occurs after ovulation and prepares the uterine lining for pregnancy.
True
LH triggers ovulation by causing the release of the mature egg from the
ovary
During the ovulation phase, LH levels reach their
peak
The menstrual cycle prepares the uterus for
pregnancy
The menstrual cycle prepares the uterus for the implantation of a fertilized
egg
Arrange the phases of the menstrual cycle in the correct order:
1️⃣ Menstrual phase
2️⃣ Follicular phase
3️⃣ Ovulation
4️⃣ Luteal phase
FSH stimulates the maturation of egg
follicles
Which hormone promotes the thickening of the uterine lining during the follicular phase?
Estrogen
What happens to estrogen levels during ovulation?
They peak
The pituitary gland secretes FSH and
LH
to stimulate the ovaries.
True
LH triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus
luteum
FSH stimulates the maturation of egg follicles and the production of
estrogen
Ovarian hormones provide negative feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to regulate the release of FSH, LH, and
GnRH
GnRH stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and
LH
.
True
What does LH trigger in the ovaries?
Ovulation
Rising estrogen levels during the follicular phase reduce FSH and
LH
secretion.
True
GnRH, secreted by the
hypothalamus
, stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH.
The hormonal feedback mechanism of the menstrual cycle ensures it is tightly regulated and
synchronized
The follicular phase occurs from days 6 to 14 of the
menstrual cycle
.
True
Around which day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation typically occur?
Day 14
The menstrual phase occurs on days 1-5 of the cycle and involves the shedding of the
uterine lining
.
True
During the follicular phase, the uterine lining begins to
thicken
The menstrual cycle prepares the uterus for
implantation
The follicular phase is characterized by the maturation of an egg in the
ovary
Match the hormones with their roles in the menstrual cycle:
FSH ↔️ Stimulates egg follicle maturation
LH ↔️ Triggers ovulation
Estrogen ↔️ Thickens uterine lining
Progesterone ↔️ Maintains thickened uterine lining
Progesterone maintains the thickened uterine lining during the
luteal phase
to prepare for implantation.
True
Progesterone levels increase during the luteal phase to prepare the uterine lining for potential pregnancy.
True
What is the purpose of the menstrual cycle?
Prepare for pregnancy
The menstrual cycle lasts approximately
28
days
True
Match the phase of the menstrual cycle with its key event:
Menstrual phase ↔️ Uterine lining sheds
Follicular phase ↔️ Egg matures in ovary
Ovulation ↔️ Mature egg released
Luteal phase ↔️ Uterine lining thickens
LH triggers ovulation by causing the release of a mature egg from the ovary.
True
Progesterone maintains the thickened uterine lining during the
luteal
phase
Match the hormone with its dominant level during each phase:
Follicular phase ↔️ FSH and Estrogen
Ovulation ↔️ LH and FSH
Luteal phase ↔️ Progesterone
Which two hormones are produced by the ovaries?
Estrogen and progesterone
Estrogen and progesterone provide negative feedback to the hypothalamus and
pituitary gland
.
True
LH triggers ovulation and the formation of the
corpus luteum
.
True
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