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Topic C1: Particles
C1.2 Atomic Structure
C1.2.2 Isotopes
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Isotopes have the same chemical properties because they have the same number of
protons
and electrons.
True
Steps to explain why isotopes are isotopes using carbon as an example:
1️⃣ Carbon has two common isotopes: carbon-12 and carbon-14
2️⃣ Both have 6 protons
3️⃣ Carbon-12 has 6 neutrons
4️⃣ Carbon-14 has 8 neutrons
The
mass number
is the total number of protons and neutrons in the
nucleus
of an atom.
The
atomic number
of an element determines its chemical behavior.
True
The
atomic number
is the number of protons in the
nucleus
of an atom.
Carbon-12 and carbon-14 have the same number of protons but different numbers of
neutrons
.
True
What is the mass number of an atom?
Protons + Neutrons
The mass number includes both protons and
neutrons
.
Carbon-12 is written as ^12^C in
isotope notation
.
True
Radioactive isotopes undergo
decay
to achieve a more stable configuration.
True
What defines isotopes of the same chemical element?
Same Protons, Different Neutrons
Isotopes are represented using the element symbol and the mass
number
.
Carbon-12 and carbon-14 share the same number of
protons
What results from isotopes having the same number of protons but different neutrons?
Same atomic number, different mass numbers
The mass number in isotope notation is written as a superscript to the left of the element
symbol
Steps involved in radioactive decay:
1️⃣ Imbalance in protons and neutrons
2️⃣ Radioactive decay occurs
3️⃣ Emission of particles or energy
4️⃣ Achieving a more stable configuration
Isotopes
are atoms of the same
chemical element
that have the same
number of protons
in the nucleus but a different
number of neutrons
.
neutrons
Isotopes are often represented using the
element symbol
and
mass number
, e.g. ^14^C for the carbon-14 isotope.
symbol
Carbon-14 is a stable isotope of carbon.
False
Match the atomic property with its definition:
Mass Number ↔️ Protons + Neutrons
Atomic Number ↔️ Protons only
Symbol for Mass Number ↔️ A
Symbol for Atomic Number ↔️ Z
Carbon-12 has 6
neutrons
while carbon-14 has 8 neutrons.
Isotopes share the same atomic
number
Carbon-14 is a
radioactive
isotope.
What is the atomic number of an atom?
Number of Protons
How is the mass number written in isotope notation?
Superscript to the Left
The stability of isotopes depends on the balance between protons and
neutrons
.
What are the three types of radioactive decay?
Alpha, Beta, Gamma
Isotopes have the same chemical properties but can have different physical properties.
True
What are isotopes defined as in terms of protons and neutrons?
Same protons, different neutrons
Carbon-12 is stable, while carbon-14 is radioactive.
True
The mass number includes both protons and neutrons, while the
atomic number
only counts protons.
True
What is the proton-to-neutron ratio in stable isotopes?
Balanced
Radioactive isotopes undergo
decay
to achieve stability.
True
Match the hydrogen isotope with its unique name:
Hydrogen-1 ↔️ Protium
Hydrogen-2 ↔️ Deuterium
Hydrogen-3 ↔️ Tritium
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