7.6 Driven Harmonic Motion and Resonance

• Driven harmonic motion causes systems to oscillate at their natural frequency.

  False
• What determines the actual oscillation frequency of a driven system?

  Driving frequency
• Resonance occurs when the driving frequency matches the system's natural frequency.
• Why is the amplitude of oscillation greatest at resonance?

  Driving force is in sync
• Steady-state motion occurs when the system oscillates at the driving frequency.


  True
• During steady-state motion, the system is synchronized with the driving force.
• The driving frequency is the frequency of the external force applied to an oscillating system.


  True
• What is a driving force in the context of oscillating systems?

  External periodic force
• What determines the actual oscillation frequency of a driven system?

  Driving frequency
• Resonance occurs when the driving frequency matches the natural frequency
• When the driving frequency is less than the natural frequency, the amplitude of oscillation is relatively low
• Steady-state motion occurs when the system oscillates at the driving frequency.


  True
• What is the natural frequency of an oscillating system?

  Frequency without external forces
• The natural frequency determines how the system vibrates on its own.


  True
• At resonance, the amplitude of oscillation is maximized
• What is driven harmonic motion in an oscillating system?

  Motion under external force
• What is the natural frequency of a system?

  Frequency without external forces
• The driving frequency determines the actual oscillation frequency of the driven system.


  True
• Resonance occurs when the driving frequency matches the natural
• What type of motion describes the initial response of an oscillating system to a driving force?

  Transient motion
• Steady-state motion occurs when an oscillating system reaches equilibrium with the driving force.


  True
• The forced frequency is the frequency at which an external periodic force is applied
• Resonance occurs when the driving frequency matches the natural frequency of the system.

  True
• Resonance occurs when the driving frequency equals the natural
• What is maximized in resonant systems when the driving frequency matches the natural frequency?

  Energy transfer
• Musical instruments like guitars exploit resonance to amplify sound.

  True
• When the driving frequency matches the natural frequency of the system, resonance
• Resonance occurs when the driving force is in sync with the system's natural vibrations


  True
• The frequency of the external driving force is called the driving frequency.
• The driving frequency determines the system's actual oscillation frequency, unlike the natural frequency.
• What type of motion occurs after the initial transient phase in driven harmonic motion?

  Steady-state motion
• Match the frequency type with its definition:

  Natural Frequency ↔️ The frequency a system vibrates at without external force

  Forced Frequency ↔️ The frequency imposed by an external periodic force
• When the driving frequency matches the natural frequency of an oscillating system, the system's amplitude of oscillation is maximized.
• The resonance frequency is equal to the natural frequency of the system.


  True
• What determines the amplitude of oscillation in a driven oscillating system?

  Driving frequency and natural frequency
• Order the following relationships between driving frequency and amplitude of oscillation during resonance:

  1️⃣ Driving frequency < Natural frequency: Relatively low amplitude

  2️⃣ Driving frequency = Natural frequency: Maximum amplitude

  3️⃣ Driving frequency > Natural frequency: Relatively low amplitude
• Why is energy transfer maximized in resonant systems?

  Driving force aligns with natural vibrations
• Efficient energy transfer in resonant systems is due to the driving force being in sync with the system's natural vibrations.


  True
• What is the role of the driving force in resonance?

  Adds energy to the system
• How is resonance used in earthquake engineering?

  Avoid resonance during earthquakes