4.2 Vietnam War

• Vietnamese people were allowed full political participation under French colonial rule.

  False
• Match the colonial power with its key features:

  France ↔️ Strict, assimilationist policies

  Britain ↔️ Indirect rule, local leaders maintained

  Netherlands ↔️ Direct rule with some local autonomy
• The First Indochina War ended with the Geneva Accords
• The Geneva Accords divided Vietnam into North and South, pending elections.


  True
• The Geneva Accords set the stage for the Vietnam War by failing to hold promised elections
• Match the countries with their roles in the Geneva Accords:

  1️⃣ France

  2️⃣ Britain

  3️⃣ China

  4️⃣ US

  5️⃣ USSR

  6️⃣ Vietnam
• North Vietnam was communist-led and South Vietnam was pro-Western after the Geneva Accords.


  True
• What characterized French colonialism compared to British and Dutch colonialism?

  Emphasis on assimilation
• Match the colonial power with its political control method:

  France ↔️ Strict, assimilationist policies

  Britain ↔️ Indirect rule, local leaders maintained

  Netherlands ↔️ Direct rule, some local autonomy
• The Geneva Accords set the stage for the Vietnam War by failing to hold promised elections.


  True
• South Vietnam was led by the United States and adopted a capitalist economic system.capitalist
• North Vietnam aimed for reunification under communist rule, while South Vietnam sought to remain independent.

  True
• The Domino Theory justified U.S. intervention in Vietnam to prevent other Southeast Asian countries from becoming communist.


  True
• What was the primary goal of the Containment Policy in Vietnam?

  Stop communist influence
• The Gulf of Tonkin Incident led to the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which granted President Lyndon B. Johnson broad military authority.authority
• What was the First Indochina War fought between?

  France and the Viet Minh
• Match the country with its colonial power and outcome:

  Vietnam ↔️ France, temporary division

  India ↔️ Britain, independent India

  Algeria ↔️ France, independent Algeria
• North Vietnam was led by Ho Chi Minh and followed a communist ideology.
• The U.S. Containment Policy in Vietnam was similar to British actions in post-WWII Greece.


  True
• The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution granted President Johnson broad authority to use military force in Southeast Asia.
• The use of Agent Orange during the Vietnam War caused widespread deforestation.
• What were the key objectives of the U.S. military in Vietnam?

  Destroy Viet Cong and wear them down
• The Viet Cong aimed to wear down U.S. forces through prolonged conflict.
• What was the warfare style of the Viet Cong?

  Guerrilla warfare
• The French primarily exploited resources such as rubber, rice, and minerals
• Compared to other colonial powers, French colonialism emphasized assimilation and direct administration
• What was the primary aim of North Vietnam under Ho Chi Minh?

  Reunification under communist rule
• The First Indochina War ended with the Geneva Accords in 1954.Accords
• What ideology did North Vietnam follow after the Geneva Accords?

  Communist
• Which two countries provided military and economic aid to North Vietnam?

  Soviet Union and China
• The first attack in the Gulf of Tonkin Incident is confirmed, while the second attack remains disputed.

  True
• What resolution did President Johnson obtain after the Gulf of Tonkin Incident?

  Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
• The battle of Dien Bien Phu in 1954 marked a major turning point in the First Indochina War.


  True
• What type of colonial administration did the French practice in their colonies?

  Direct administration
• The key battle of the First Indochina War was at Dien Bien Phu
• Steps leading to the division of Vietnam under the Geneva Accords

  1️⃣ The Viet Minh defeat French forces at Dien Bien Phu

  2️⃣ The Geneva Accords are signed in 1954

  3️⃣ Vietnam is temporarily divided into North and South

  4️⃣ Elections are planned but never held
• What were the two alleged attacks in the Gulf of Tonkin Incident?

  Attacks on U.S. Navy destroyers
• What was the My Lai Massacre?

  U.S. soldiers killed unarmed civilians
• The Viet Cong's guerrilla warfare proved more effective than the U.S. military's conventional approach.


  True
• What contrasting military strategies significantly influenced the Vietnam War's outcome?

  Guerrilla warfare vs. conventional approach